{"id":"AIBD-1144","title":"India's CAG finds that Kerala's AI traffic cameras detected offenses carrying ₹351.00 crore in fees, but only 28.69% had been collected","summary":"India's CAG found that offenses detected by Kerala's AI traffic cameras carried ₹351.00 crore in compounding fees, and ₹100.70 crore, or 28.69%, had been collected.","date_observed":"2026-05-05","date_basis":"source publication","date_precision":"day","benefit_status":"mixed","source_collection":null,"source_entry":null,"account":"Kerala launched the Safe Kerala Project in June 2018 to cut road accidents with camera-based traffic enforcement. The Motor Vehicles Department appointed KELTRON, a state electronics company, to install and run AI cameras across the state. The cameras began operating on 5 June 2023. India's Comptroller and Auditor General audited the department from August 2024 to January 2025, and the report was countersigned on 5 May 2026. The auditors tabulated compounding fees for offenses detected by each type of camera. Offenses detected by the AI cameras carried ₹351.00 crore in fees, and ₹100.70 crore, or 28.69%, had been collected. The auditors concluded that the uncollected penalties defeated the system's purpose of deterring violations. They also found that the system ran without a valid agreement and that KELTRON's dual role breached state guidelines. The government replied that it had sought funds to repair and relocate cameras. The report gives no period for the table and does not describe the cameras' software.","category":"aggregate result","unexpected":false,"purpose":"KELTRON, as implementing agency, built and runs the Safe Kerala Project's AI camera system to detect traffic offenses across Kerala and reduce road accidents.","system":"AI cameras of the Safe Kerala Project (Advanced Automatic Traffic Enforcement System)","model_version":null,"developer":"KELTRON (Kerala State Electronics Development Corporation), the implementing agency. The report does not name the camera or software makers.","deployer":"Motor Vehicles Department, Government of Kerala","location":"Kerala, India","domain":"Road traffic enforcement","segment":null,"benefit_type":"Increased Scalability","work_activities":["4.A.2.a.3","4.A.1.b.1"],"taxonomy_note":"The gain is the volume of offenses that the cameras detected and charged, read as enforcement at scale. The audit gives no count of offenses.","registry_ids":{},"ratings":[{"group":"organizational","depth":2,"reason":"Offenses detected by the AI cameras carried ₹351.00 crore in fees, and the department had collected ₹100.70 crore of it."},{"group":"societal","depth":null,"reason":"The audit does not measure whether the cameras reduced violations, crashes or injuries, and it judges that the uncollected penalties defeated their deterrent purpose."}],"ai_role":{"status":"unassessed","statement":"The auditors tabulated fees by type of camera and did not compare enforcement with and without the AI cameras. The report calls them AI cameras and does not describe their software or show that it learns from data."},"evidence":[{"kind":"audit report","citation":"Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Report on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala, Report No. 2 of 2026 (Compliance Audit Report - Civil), countersigned on 5 May 2026. Chapter II, Subject Specific Compliance Audit on Functioning of RTOs and STA in Motor Vehicles Department of Kerala, paragraph 2.4.6.12, Shortfalls in the implementation of Camera Surveillance System. Table 2.24, report p. 58.","title":"Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala (Report No. 2 of 2026)","url":"https://d1jmc0u14z2tmp.cloudfront.net/uploads/download_audit_report/2024/Audit-Report-2024_Full-Report-(1)-06a3a2fe6bab711.92275972.pdf","date":"2026-05-05","written_by":"independent","quote":"Table 2.24: Details of collection against collectable compounding fees for the offences detected by various types of surveillance cameras (₹ in crore) Enforcement Collectable Collected Percentage Pending Percentage System revenue revenue collected revenue pending AI Cameras 351.00 100.70 28.69% 250.30 71.31%"},{"kind":"audit report","citation":"Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Report on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala, Report No. 2 of 2026 (Compliance Audit Report - Civil), countersigned on 5 May 2026. Chapter II, Subject Specific Compliance Audit on Functioning of RTOs and STA in Motor Vehicles Department of Kerala, paragraph 2.4.6.12, Shortfalls in the implementation of Camera Surveillance System. Report p. 58. The auditors conclude that the uncollected penalties defeated the system's purpose.","title":"Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala (Report No. 2 of 2026)","url":"https://d1jmc0u14z2tmp.cloudfront.net/uploads/download_audit_report/2024/Audit-Report-2024_Full-Report-(1)-06a3a2fe6bab711.92275972.pdf","date":"2026-05-05","written_by":"independent","quote":"The non-collection of penalty imposed for violations detected by the surveillance cameras defeated the purpose of implementation of the system.","supports_benefit":false},{"kind":"audit report","citation":"Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Report on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala, Report No. 2 of 2026 (Compliance Audit Report - Civil), countersigned on 5 May 2026. Chapter II, Subject Specific Compliance Audit on Functioning of RTOs and STA in Motor Vehicles Department of Kerala, paragraph 2.4.6.12, Shortfalls in the implementation of Camera Surveillance System. Report p. 58. The auditors list concerns about the agreement, revenue collection and the cameras' effectiveness.","title":"Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on State Revenues for the period ended March 2024, Government of Kerala (Report No. 2 of 2026)","url":"https://d1jmc0u14z2tmp.cloudfront.net/uploads/download_audit_report/2024/Audit-Report-2024_Full-Report-(1)-06a3a2fe6bab711.92275972.pdf","date":"2026-05-05","written_by":"independent","quote":"despite the project's operationalisation on 05 June 2023, significant concerns remain regarding agreement revisions, revenue collection, and the actual effectiveness of the AI camera system","supports_benefit":false}],"replication":{"produced_by":["KELTRON installed and ran AI cameras across Kerala under a five-year Built Operate Own Transfer agreement signed on 28 May 2020.","The cameras detected traffic offenses from 5 June 2023, and the department levied compounding fees for them."],"must_hold":["Penalties for detected offenses must be collected for the cameras to deter violations.","The system must run under a valid agreement, with cameras repaired or relocated where needed."],"echoes":[]},"paired_incident":null,"headline":"Kerala's *AI cameras* flagged ₹351.00 crore in fees, 28.69% collected","metric":"₹100.70 crore, or 28.69%, had been collected","comparator":null,"later":null,"value":{"amount":"₹100.70 crore","what":"Compounding fees collected for offenses that the AI cameras detected, out of ₹351.00 crore collectable","who":"Motor Vehicles Department, Government of Kerala","estimate":false,"quote":"Table 2.24: Details of collection against collectable compounding fees for the offences detected by various types of surveillance cameras (₹ in crore) Enforcement Collectable Collected Percentage Pending Percentage System revenue revenue collected revenue pending AI Cameras 351.00 100.70 28.69% 250.30 71.31%","url":"https://d1jmc0u14z2tmp.cloudfront.net/uploads/download_audit_report/2024/Audit-Report-2024_Full-Report-(1)-06a3a2fe6bab711.92275972.pdf"},"developer_country":"India","deployer_country":"India","unrated_because":null,"brief_notes":null,"brief":null,"revisions":[{"date":"2026-11-01","change":"Added the record from the finding of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.","source":"https://d1jmc0u14z2tmp.cloudfront.net/uploads/download_audit_report/2024/Audit-Report-2024_Full-Report-(1)-06a3a2fe6bab711.92275972.pdf","editor":"AIBD"}],"confidence":"found","shade":"high","claim_status":"Found by an auditor","claim_basis":"Sources: one independent audit report. 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