{"id":"AIBD-1012","title":"Korea's Board of Audit and Inspection finds that a rule dropped 422 higher-risk children from e-Child Happiness visits, and 14 were later found abused","summary":"South Korea's Board of Audit and Inspection found that a rule had dropped 422 children whom the e-Child Happiness model ranked higher. Fourteen of them were later found abused.","date_observed":"2019-11-01","date_basis":"source publication","date_precision":"month","benefit_status":"mixed","source_collection":null,"source_entry":null,"account":"In May 2017 South Korea's Ministry of Health and Welfare began building the e-Child Happiness Support System to find children at risk of abuse. It weights 41 kinds of linked administrative data, such as missed infant health checks, into a probability of high abuse risk. Each round, local officials visit the households of the highest-scoring children. From late 2018 the ministry excluded children whose households a separate welfare program had checked in its previous round. In an audit published in November 2019, the Board of Audit and Inspection re-ran the first round of 2019 without that rule. With the total kept at 22,727 children, 422 excluded children with higher risk scores came back in. Fourteen of them had been confirmed as abused after reports by neighbors and others. None of the 422 lower-scoring children whom they displaced had a confirmed abuse case. The rule kept the 14 children, ranked high by the model, from the program's visits. The board concluded that the rule risked losing the chance to find children in crisis early, and the ministry accepted the finding.","category":"aggregate result","unexpected":false,"purpose":"The Ministry of Health and Welfare built the e-Child Happiness Support System to predict which children are at high risk of abuse so that local officials can visit them early.","system":"e아동행복지원시스템 (e-Child Happiness Support System) risk prediction model","model_version":null,"developer":"Ministry of Health and Welfare (보건복지부), with data processing by the Korea Social Security Information Service (사회보장정보원)","deployer":"Ministry of Health and Welfare, with local government officials who visit the selected households","location":"South Korea (national)","domain":"Child protection","segment":null,"benefit_type":"Improved Task Accuracy","work_activities":["4.A.2.a.1","4.A.2.a.4"],"taxonomy_note":null,"registry_ids":{},"ratings":[{"group":"personal","depth":null,"reason":"The 14 children came to light through reports by neighbors and others after the rule had kept them from home visits."},{"group":"organizational","depth":null,"reason":"In its re-run the board found that the model ranked children later found abused above others, but the ministry's rule kept those children from visits."}],"ai_role":{"status":"unassessed","statement":"The board compared children ranked just above and just below the cut-off, which tests the model's ranking at that margin. It did not compare home visits with and without the model. The report calls the system a prediction model that weights 41 variables into a probability, but it does not say how the weights were set or whether they were learned from data."},"evidence":[{"kind":"audit report","citation":"Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea (감사원). 감사보고서 - 보호대상아동 지원실태 - [Performance audit report, support for children in need of protection]. November 2019. Chapter 3, section 2, part 2-2-4, printed pp. 65-70 and [표 44].","title":"감사보고서 - 보호대상아동 지원실태 -","url":"https://www.bai.go.kr/api/files/download?fileId=jj20211111%20162757&fileSn=1","date":"2019-11-19","written_by":"independent","quote":"당초 예측모형을 통해 추출된 아동 422명의 위험 확률값이 더 높은데도 불구하고 복지사각 발굴사업에서 해당 가구가 먼저 점검되었다는 사유로 아동행복지원사업의 점검 대상에서 제외되었고, 특히 이 중 14명은 이웃 등의 신고로 아동학대로 판정되어"}],"replication":{"produced_by":["The system linked 41 kinds of data, such as missed infant health checks, missed medical care and utility arrears, and weighted them into a risk probability.","It ranked children by that probability, and officials visited the households of those at the top, 22,727 children in the first round of 2019."],"must_hold":["Children with high predicted risk must not be dropped because another program checked their households first.","Officials must visit the selected households and check for signs of abuse with a checklist."],"echoes":[]},"paired_incident":null,"headline":"*e-Child Happiness* flagged 14 abused children whom a rule left out","metric":"Fourteen of them were later found abused","comparator":{"against":"The 422 lower-scoring children who were selected while the exclusion rule applied","before":"No confirmed abuse case among the 422 lower-scoring children","after":"14 confirmed abuse cases among the 422 higher-scoring children whom the rule had excluded","basis":"measured","quote":"반면 기존에 점검 대상자로 선정되었으나 상대적으로 위험확률값이 낮아서 재선정 결과에서는 제외되는 아동(422명)에 대해서는 아동학대로 판단된 사례가 없는 것으로 나타났다.","url":"https://www.bai.go.kr/api/files/download?fileId=jj20211111%20162757&fileSn=1"},"later":null,"value":null,"developer_country":"South Korea","deployer_country":"South Korea","unrated_because":"The model ranked children who were later found abused above others, but the exclusion rule kept those children from home visits, so the ranking helped none of them.","brief_notes":null,"brief":null,"revisions":[{"date":"2026-11-01","change":"Added the record from the finding of the Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea.","source":"https://www.bai.go.kr/api/files/download?fileId=jj20211111%20162757&fileSn=1","editor":"AIBD"}],"confidence":"found","shade":"high","claim_status":"Found by an auditor","claim_basis":"Sources: one independent audit report. 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Chapter 3, section 2, part 2-2-4, printed pp. 65-70 and [표 44].","title":"감사보고서 - 보호대상아동 지원실태 -","url":"https://www.bai.go.kr/api/files/download?fileId=jj20211111%20162757&fileSn=1","date":"2019-11-19","written_by":"independent","quote":"당초 예측모형을 통해 추출된 아동 422명의 위험 확률값이 더 높은데도 불구하고 복지사각 발굴사업에서 해당 가구가 먼저 점검되었다는 사유로 아동행복지원사업의 점검 대상에서 제외되었고, 특히 이 중 14명은 이웃 등의 신고로 아동학대로 판정되어"}]}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["evidence"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].id":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"identifiers","identifiers":["AIBD-1012-source-0001"],"role":"Existing evidence items, in their original order"},"provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"complete"},"sources[].language":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].relationship":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"evidence":[{"kind":"audit report","citation":"Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea (감사원). 감사보고서 - 보호대상아동 지원실태 - [Performance audit report, support for children in need of protection]. November 2019. Chapter 3, section 2, part 2-2-4, printed pp. 65-70 and [표 44].","title":"감사보고서 - 보호대상아동 지원실태 -","url":"https://www.bai.go.kr/api/files/download?fileId=jj20211111%20162757&fileSn=1","date":"2019-11-19","written_by":"independent","quote":"당초 예측모형을 통해 추출된 아동 422명의 위험 확률값이 더 높은데도 불구하고 복지사각 발굴사업에서 해당 가구가 먼저 점검되었다는 사유로 아동행복지원사업의 점검 대상에서 제외되었고, 특히 이 중 14명은 이웃 등의 신고로 아동학대로 판정되어"}]}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["evidence"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].upstream_sources":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"strategic_assessments[]":{"state":"unresolved","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial","family":"strategic assessments"},"summary":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"summary":"South Korea's Board of Audit and Inspection found that a rule had dropped 422 children whom the e-Child Happiness model ranked higher. Fourteen of them were later found abused.","account":"In May 2017 South Korea's Ministry of Health and Welfare began building the e-Child Happiness Support System to find children at risk of abuse. It weights 41 kinds of linked administrative data, such as missed infant health checks, into a probability of high abuse risk. Each round, local officials visit the households of the highest-scoring children. From late 2018 the ministry excluded children whose households a separate welfare program had checked in its previous round. In an audit published in November 2019, the Board of Audit and Inspection re-ran the first round of 2019 without that rule. With the total kept at 22,727 children, 422 excluded children with higher risk scores came back in. Fourteen of them had been confirmed as abused after reports by neighbors and others. None of the 422 lower-scoring children whom they displaced had a confirmed abuse case. The rule kept the 14 children, ranked high by the model, from the program's visits. The board concluded that the rule risked losing the chance to find children in crisis early, and the ministry accepted the finding."}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["summary","account"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].autonomy_permissions":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].component_role":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].deployment_configuration":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].inputs_outputs":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_name":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_version":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].product_name":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"system":"e아동행복지원시스템 (e-Child Happiness Support System) risk prediction model"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["system"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].provider":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"taxonomy_crosswalks[]":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"title":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"title":"Korea's Board of Audit and Inspection finds that a rule dropped 422 higher-risk children from e-Child Happiness visits, and 14 were later found abused","headline":"*e-Child Happiness* flagged 14 abused children whom a rule left out"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["title","headline"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"version":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"identifiers","identifiers":["96e073cb0fdebbfda55aac0aedb8d8e091767961afa29c4928cfdd68664d82ba"],"role":"SHA-256 of the complete public record and its assessments"},"provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"SHA-256 of the public record, its assessments, and its displayed answers and notes, excluding its own identifier and the derived coverage summary.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"complete"},"workflow":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"account":"In May 2017 South Korea's Ministry of Health and Welfare began building the e-Child Happiness Support System to find children at risk of abuse. It weights 41 kinds of linked administrative data, such as missed infant health checks, into a probability of high abuse risk. Each round, local officials visit the households of the highest-scoring children. From late 2018 the ministry excluded children whose households a separate welfare program had checked in its previous round. In an audit published in November 2019, the Board of Audit and Inspection re-ran the first round of 2019 without that rule. With the total kept at 22,727 children, 422 excluded children with higher risk scores came back in. Fourteen of them had been confirmed as abused after reports by neighbors and others. None of the 422 lower-scoring children whom they displaced had a confirmed abuse case. The rule kept the 14 children, ranked high by the model, from the program's visits. The board concluded that the rule risked losing the chance to find children in crisis early, and the ministry accepted the finding.","replication":{"produced_by":["The system linked 41 kinds of data, such as missed infant health checks, missed medical care and utility arrears, and weighted them into a risk probability.","It ranked children by that probability, and officials visited the households of those at the top, 22,727 children in the first round of 2019."],"must_hold":["Children with high predicted risk must not be dropped because another program checked their households first.","Officials must visit the selected households and check for signs of abuse with a checklist."],"echoes":[]}}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["account","replication"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"}},"summary":{"total":91,"addressed":91,"known":27,"reviewed":2,"reviewed_complete":2,"reviewed_partial":0,"record_mapped":25,"review_not_assessed":64,"not_assessed":0,"complete":false,"by_state":{"value_present":27,"not_reported":0,"unresolved":64,"not_assessed":0,"not_applicable":0,"withheld":0,"source_unavailable":0}}},"presentation_version":"6f60cd5cf38c770cc9cfae9ed47c490938eb57d7aa61fe1d33c0db88fcbd1c78"}