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The review had not run.","account":"A former stockholder of Graf Industrial, a special purpose acquisition company, brought a putative class action over its September 2020 merger with Velodyne Lidar. His search terms for documents from 2020 and 2021 would require the review of 125,000 documents. The defendants offered to review them with technology assisted review, and the plaintiff insisted on manual review. On 21 October 2024 Vice Chancellor Lori W. Will held that the defendants may use TAR if they are transparent about the process. She wrote that TAR reduces the set for human review and applies a more uniform standard than manual review with keyword searches. She added that a smaller set for manual review means lower costs for litigants. She quoted a 2012 federal ruling for the point that computerized searches are at least as accurate as manual review. These views rest on case law and commentary. The review had not run, and the opinion reports no result."}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["summary","account"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].autonomy_permissions":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].component_role":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].deployment_configuration":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].inputs_outputs":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_name":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_version":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].product_name":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"system":"Technology assisted review (TAR), or predictive coding"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["system"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].provider":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"taxonomy_crosswalks[]":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"title":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"title":"The Delaware Court of Chancery let defendants review 125,000 documents with technology assisted review over a demand for manual review","headline":"Delaware court lets defendants use *TAR* over a demand for manual review"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["title","headline"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"version":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"identifiers","identifiers":["64f7451134cdc4a1d43b2d6bf54e0adb51f4877b4b808a02569d0105d6ae955b"],"role":"SHA-256 of the complete public record and its assessments"},"provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"SHA-256 of the public record, its assessments, and its displayed answers and notes, excluding its own identifier and the derived coverage summary.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"complete"},"workflow":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"account":"A former stockholder of Graf Industrial, a special purpose acquisition company, brought a putative class action over its September 2020 merger with Velodyne Lidar. His search terms for documents from 2020 and 2021 would require the review of 125,000 documents. The defendants offered to review them with technology assisted review, and the plaintiff insisted on manual review. On 21 October 2024 Vice Chancellor Lori W. Will held that the defendants may use TAR if they are transparent about the process. She wrote that TAR reduces the set for human review and applies a more uniform standard than manual review with keyword searches. She added that a smaller set for manual review means lower costs for litigants. She quoted a 2012 federal ruling for the point that computerized searches are at least as accurate as manual review. These views rest on case law and commentary. The review had not run, and the opinion reports no result.","replication":{"produced_by":["The plaintiff's search terms captured 125,000 documents from 2020 and 2021.","Attorneys select and review a representative seed set to train the system.","The system learns through iterative rounds of sampling and manual review."],"must_hold":["The defendants are transparent with the plaintiff about the review process.","Delaware counsel stay closely involved in the review and sampling.","Human reviewers check documents that the program codes as non-responsive."],"echoes":[]}}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["account","replication"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"}},"summary":{"total":91,"addressed":91,"known":27,"reviewed":2,"reviewed_complete":2,"reviewed_partial":0,"record_mapped":25,"review_not_assessed":64,"not_assessed":0,"complete":false,"by_state":{"value_present":27,"not_reported":0,"unresolved":64,"not_assessed":0,"not_applicable":0,"withheld":0,"source_unavailable":0}}},"presentation_version":"a9b831d3ac5426575e11344e276d4103b7f65699cd457d4437fdd4e1ac5215c5"}