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They compared them with 2,731 people whose X-rays radiologists had read at the same facilities before the AI tools arrived. Accuracy came from published studies, and costs from the facilities and the makers' prices. A radiologist's reading cost INR 100 per case, against INR 30 with qXR and INR 22 with Genki. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was INR -9,865 per interpreted case for qXR, which saved money. It was INR 11,287 for Genki, which was cost-effective. Both values fell below India's GDP per head. 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Cost-effectiveness analysis of AI-assisted chest X-ray interpretation tools for TB screening: a rapid HTA. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025, 7:1629127. doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1629127. Conducted at the request of the HTAIn Secretariat, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, which funded it. The authors declare no commercial or financial conflicts.","title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of AI-assisted chest X-ray interpretation tools for TB screening: a rapid HTA","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12715009/","date":"2025-12-05","written_by":"independent","quote":"The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for qXR was Indian rupee (INR) -9,865 [-120 United States dollars (USD)] per interpreted case, which showed that the method was cost-saving, while for Genki, the corresponding value was INR 11,287 (137 USD), which showed that the method was cost-effective."},{"kind":"assessment report","citation":"Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; assessment by its resource hub at the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (2024). Health Technology Assessment of AI-Assisted CXR for Interpretation for Tuberculosis: A Rapid Health Technology Assessment (Policy Brief, study 77), Executive Summary; Results; Conclusion (pp. 1-2).","title":"Health Technology Assessment of AI-Assisted CXR for Interpretation for Tuberculosis: A Rapid Health Technology Assessment (Policy Brief, study 77)","url":"https://htain.dhr.gov.in/images/pdf/Policy_Briefs/77.AI_based_cXR_Interpreation_Policy_Brief.pdf","written_by":"independent","quote":"The findings of the study indicated that the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for qXR was found to be -9,864.77 INR per case screened/interpreted"}]}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["evidence"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].id":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"identifiers","identifiers":["AIBD-0932-source-0001","AIBD-0932-source-0002"],"role":"Existing evidence items, in their original order"},"provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"complete"},"sources[].language":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].relationship":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"evidence":[{"kind":"peer-reviewed study","citation":"Raval D, Parmar D, Saha S, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of AI-assisted chest X-ray interpretation tools for TB screening: a rapid HTA. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025, 7:1629127. doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1629127. Conducted at the request of the HTAIn Secretariat, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, which funded it. The authors declare no commercial or financial conflicts.","title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of AI-assisted chest X-ray interpretation tools for TB screening: a rapid HTA","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12715009/","date":"2025-12-05","written_by":"independent","quote":"The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for qXR was Indian rupee (INR) -9,865 [-120 United States dollars (USD)] per interpreted case, which showed that the method was cost-saving, while for Genki, the corresponding value was INR 11,287 (137 USD), which showed that the method was cost-effective."},{"kind":"assessment report","citation":"Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; assessment by its resource hub at the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (2024). Health Technology Assessment of AI-Assisted CXR for Interpretation for Tuberculosis: A Rapid Health Technology Assessment (Policy Brief, study 77), Executive Summary; Results; Conclusion (pp. 1-2).","title":"Health Technology Assessment of AI-Assisted CXR for Interpretation for Tuberculosis: A Rapid Health Technology Assessment (Policy Brief, study 77)","url":"https://htain.dhr.gov.in/images/pdf/Policy_Briefs/77.AI_based_cXR_Interpreation_Policy_Brief.pdf","written_by":"independent","quote":"The findings of the study indicated that the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for qXR was found to be -9,864.77 INR per case screened/interpreted"}]}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["evidence"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"sources[].upstream_sources":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"strategic_assessments[]":{"state":"unresolved","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial","family":"strategic assessments"},"summary":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"summary":"Using 2023 screening records from Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, researchers costed AI reading at INR 30 (qXR) and INR 22 (Genki) per case, against INR 100 for a radiologist.","account":"India's national TB program screens people with chest X-rays, and radiologists to read them are scarce. At the request of the Department of Health Research, researchers at the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar carried out a rapid health technology assessment. They used 2023 records of 93,486 people screened with DeepTek's Genki at six centers in Tamil Nadu and 6,281 screened with qXR in Maharashtra. They compared them with 2,731 people whose X-rays radiologists had read at the same facilities before the AI tools arrived. Accuracy came from published studies, and costs from the facilities and the makers' prices. A radiologist's reading cost INR 100 per case, against INR 30 with qXR and INR 22 with Genki. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was INR -9,865 per interpreted case for qXR, which saved money. It was INR 11,287 for Genki, which was cost-effective. Both values fell below India's GDP per head. The authors note that the analysis took the provider's view and lacked matched comparisons."}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["summary","account"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].autonomy_permissions":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].component_role":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].deployment_configuration":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].inputs_outputs":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_name":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].model_version":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].product_name":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"system":"qXR and Genki (AI-assisted chest X-ray interpretation for TB screening)"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["system"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"systems[].provider":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"taxonomy_crosswalks[]":{"state":"unresolved","provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"reason":"This is an explicit unresolved assignment: the sources on record do not settle this question.","review_state":"not_assessed","coverage":"partial"},"title":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"title":"A rapid assessment by IIPH Gandhinagar finds that qXR saved money and Genki was cost-effective for reading TB screening X-rays in India","headline":"*qXR* and *Genki* cut the cost of reading TB screening X-rays in India"}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["title","headline"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"},"version":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"identifiers","identifiers":["e4c5a6f4053e8cfe5cc47edb74093fd02792738a50c478df6cfae835df4bfa16"],"role":"SHA-256 of the complete public record and its assessments"},"provenance":{"kind":"curatorial","basis":"SHA-256 of the public record, its assessments, and its displayed answers and notes, excluding its own identifier and the derived coverage summary.","record_fields":[],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"complete"},"workflow":{"state":"value_present","value":{"kind":"record_fields","fields":{"account":"India's national TB program screens people with chest X-rays, and radiologists to read them are scarce. At the request of the Department of Health Research, researchers at the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar carried out a rapid health technology assessment. They used 2023 records of 93,486 people screened with DeepTek's Genki at six centers in Tamil Nadu and 6,281 screened with qXR in Maharashtra. They compared them with 2,731 people whose X-rays radiologists had read at the same facilities before the AI tools arrived. Accuracy came from published studies, and costs from the facilities and the makers' prices. A radiologist's reading cost INR 100 per case, against INR 30 with qXR and INR 22 with Genki. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was INR -9,865 per interpreted case for qXR, which saved money. It was INR 11,287 for Genki, which was cost-effective. Both values fell below India's GDP per head. The authors note that the analysis took the provider's view and lacked matched comparisons.","replication":{"produced_by":["The tools read digital chest X-rays at public health facilities screening people aged 15 and older for TB.","Genki ran offline and online on a lifetime license, and qXR ran online at a price per scan."],"must_hold":["The price per case stays low, since the authors found that qXR saved money only up to INR 410 and that Genki stayed cost-effective only up to INR 35.","Accuracy in local use matches the pooled sensitivity of about 90% from published studies."],"echoes":[]}}},"provenance":{"kind":"legacy_record","basis":"Editorial assignment.","record_fields":["account","replication"],"source_refs":[]},"review_state":"record_mapped","coverage":"partial"}},"summary":{"total":91,"addressed":91,"known":29,"reviewed":2,"reviewed_complete":2,"reviewed_partial":0,"record_mapped":27,"review_not_assessed":62,"not_assessed":0,"complete":false,"by_state":{"value_present":29,"not_reported":0,"unresolved":62,"not_assessed":0,"not_applicable":0,"withheld":0,"source_unavailable":0}}},"presentation_version":"b37b627985bcf73341520bf18e41621d871e1abbf2e2c6be3b2e8a7f908a7453"}