{
  "id": "AIBD-0590",
  "title": "An AI interface connects users to library collections",
  "summary": "Northeastern’s library connected Claude to scholarly collections and reported better discovery in early use; learning gains have not been measured.",
  "date_observed": "2025-10-10",
  "date_basis": "source publication",
  "date_precision": "day",
  "benefit_status": "reported",
  "source_collection": "University of Texas AI Opportunity Inventory",
  "source_entry": "ut-aoi-2026-10-27-row-07",
  "account": "Northeastern University Library developed a server and Claude plugin that direct academic requests to library resources and return links to underlying works. Library dean Dan Cohen demonstrated the interface in October 2025. A later account described adding museum collections and retrieving relevant material without ordinary web search. Cohen and Evan Simpson subsequently reported an improved discovery experience in early testing. These are accounts from the deploying institution, without a controlled retrieval benchmark or measured learning outcome.",
  "category": "general benefit",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "The library built an AI interface to help users find scholarly and cultural materials while preserving access to source works.",
  "system": "Northeastern University Library MCP server and Claude plugin",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Northeastern University Library; Anthropic",
  "deployer": "Northeastern University Library",
  "location": "Boston, Massachusetts, United States",
  "domain": "Education and research",
  "segment": "Discovery of scholarly and cultural collections",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery",
  "taxonomy_note": "The reported result concerns discovery of materials. Learning gains and complete elimination of hallucinations are not established.",
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "The reviewed sources do not establish the magnitude of the benefit."
    }
  ],
  "ai_role": {
    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "Claude interpreted requests and used a library server to retrieve materials. Cataloging, collections, access controls, and source links were essential parts of the workflow."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "descriptive report",
      "citation": "Cohen, Dan. The Library’s New Entryway. Humane Ingenuity. October 10, 2025.",
      "title": "The Library’s New Entryway",
      "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
      "date": "2025-10-10",
      "written_by": "deployer",
      "quote": null
    },
    {
      "kind": "descriptive report",
      "citation": "Cohen, Dan. The Index and the Vector. Humane Ingenuity. October 20, 2025.",
      "title": "The Index and the Vector",
      "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-index-and-the-vector/",
      "date": "2025-10-20",
      "written_by": "deployer",
      "quote": null
    },
    {
      "kind": "descriptive report",
      "citation": "Cohen, Dan, and Evan Simpson. Improving Learning and Research by Connecting Collections and LLMs Through Model Context Protocol. CNI project briefing page, November 17, 2025; updated January 26, 2026.",
      "title": "Discovery and Use Reimagined: Connecting Scholarly Collections and Artificial Intelligence Workflows",
      "url": "https://www.cni.org/topics/digital-libraries/discovery-and-use-reimagined-connecting-scholarly-collections-and-ai-workflows",
      "date": "2025-11-17",
      "written_by": "deployer",
      "quote": null
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "The university connected Claude with its catalog and article resources through a server and direct source links."
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "The reviewed sources do not establish causal conditions or an effect size for reproducing the benefit."
    ],
    "echoes": []
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "An AI interface connects users to library collections",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": null,
  "later": null,
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "United States",
  "deployer_country": "United States",
  "unrated_because": "The benefit magnitude is unassessed.",
  "brief_notes": null,
  "brief": null,
  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-27",
      "change": "Added a source-reviewed case, distinguishing the reported or intended benefit from unmeasured outcomes.",
      "source": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
  ],
  "confidence": "claimed",
  "shade": "low",
  "claim_status": "The deployer's account",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: three descriptive reports from the deployer. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.",
  "profile": {
    "case_id": "AIBD-0590",
    "catalog_version": "1.0.0",
    "source_fingerprint": "658d2a31eab3b0c162a3b3c55b6d9e4c37c97fced71b6fb6d52a32cf3080136b",
    "collection_refs": [
      {
        "collection_id": "aibd",
        "version": "2026-10-25"
      }
    ],
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      "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
      "AIBD-0590-source-0002",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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          "text": "Claude interpreted requests and used a library server to retrieve materials. Cataloging, collections, access controls, and source links were essential parts of the workflow."
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "structured",
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            "basis": "Sources: three descriptive reports from the deployer. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.",
            "interpretation": "This label describes the supporting sources; it does not establish a beneficial causal effect.",
            "limitations": "Northeastern is the correct institution. The sheet’s Northwestern attribution is erroneous."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "derivation",
          "basis": "Derived the displayed confidence from the reviewed retained evidence; benefit magnitude remains separate.",
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            "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
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          ],
          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
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      "assessments[].rationale": {
        "state": "value_present",
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              {
                "group": "organizational",
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            ]
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        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Mapped from the new case record; this field has not received a separate field-level assessment.",
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      "assessments[].rubric_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
            "answer": "Reported benefits.",
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          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
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        },
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                "group": "organizational",
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        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
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      "availability": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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          "kind": "structured",
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                "claim_id": "AIBD-0590-claim-0001",
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                    "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
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                      "Establishes the library server, Claude integration, examples, direct links, and the library team’s role."
                    ],
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                      "Paragraphs beginning with the proposed combination of LLM and library index; interface demonstration; final development credits."
                    ]
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                    "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0002",
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                      "Adds museum connectors and a qualitative test that used collection sources without ordinary web retrieval."
                    ],
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                      "Final section beginning with the addition of art museum MCPs."
                    ]
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                    "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0003",
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                      "Adds an explicit launch statement and a qualitative claim about early student and faculty experience."
                    ],
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                    ]
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                ]
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          }
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "institutional decisions"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "text",
          "text": "Launched library interface with early use and qualitative testing."
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        "provenance": {
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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      "economics[].currency_price_basis": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "partial",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "evaluations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "family": "evaluations"
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        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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                "role": "Discovery lead and submission provenance; not independent corroboration."
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        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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      "infrastructure_dependencies[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "record_fields",
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            "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery",
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          }
        },
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          "kind": "curatorial",
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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      "outcomes[].claim": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "text",
          "text": "Northeastern University Library developed a server and Claude plugin that direct academic requests to library resources and return links to underlying works. Library dean Dan Cohen demonstrated the interface in October 2025. A later account described adding museum collections and retrieving relevant material without ordinary web search. Cohen and Evan Simpson subsequently reported an improved discovery experience in early testing. These are accounts from the deploying institution, without a controlled retrieval benchmark or measured learning outcome."
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
          "basis": "Reviewed the qualified case account against the retained original sources and their specific contributions.",
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            "AIBD-0590-source-0003"
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              "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
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      "replication.attempts[]": {
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        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "replication": {
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              "must_hold": [
                "The reviewed sources do not establish causal conditions or an effect size for reproducing the benefit."
              ],
              "echoes": []
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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      "revision_history[]": {
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          "kind": "record_fields",
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            "revisions": [
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                "date": "2026-10-27",
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                "source": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
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        "value": {
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        "provenance": {
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              },
              {
                "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0002",
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              {
                "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0003",
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            ],
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            "access_limitations": [
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              "Exact Claude release, prompts, and runtime settings are not specified in the reviewed accounts."
            ],
            "chronology_source": {
              "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
              "title": "The Library’s New Entryway",
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              "basis": "First retained demonstration publication."
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          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
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          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
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      "sources[].citation_locator": {
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          "kind": "structured",
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                "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
                "citation": "Cohen, Dan. The Library’s New Entryway. Humane Ingenuity. October 10, 2025.",
                "locators": [
                  "Paragraphs beginning with the proposed combination of LLM and library index; interface demonstration; final development credits."
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                "contributions": [
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              },
              {
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                "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-index-and-the-vector/",
                "citation": "Cohen, Dan. The Index and the Vector. Humane Ingenuity. October 20, 2025.",
                "locators": [
                  "Final section beginning with the addition of art museum MCPs."
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                "contributions": [
                  "Adds museum connectors and a qualitative test that used collection sources without ordinary web retrieval."
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              {
                "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0003",
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                  "Improving Learning and Research by Connecting Collections and LLMs Through Model Context Protocol subsection."
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        "review_state": "not_assessed",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "structured",
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                "originality_assessments": [
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              },
              {
                "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0002",
                "authorship_relationship": "deployer",
                "independent_of_maker_and_deployer": false,
                "originality_assessments": [
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              {
                "source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0003",
                "authorship_relationship": "deployer",
                "independent_of_maker_and_deployer": false,
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                "display_name": "Dan Cohen’s original library account",
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              {
                "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-index-and-the-vector/",
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                "display_name": "Dan Cohen’s follow-up demonstration",
                "contribution": "Adds museum connectors and a qualitative test that used collection sources without ordinary web retrieval.",
                "locator": "Final section beginning with the addition of art museum MCPs.",
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                "url": "https://www.cni.org/topics/digital-libraries/discovery-and-use-reimagined-connecting-scholarly-collections-and-ai-workflows",
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                "display_name": "Cohen and Simpson’s CNI project abstract",
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                "locator": "Improving Learning and Research by Connecting Collections and LLMs Through Model Context Protocol subsection.",
                "relationship": "Original deployer abstract hosted by a professional coalition, not an independent evaluation."
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            "access_limitations": [
              "The embedded CNI presentation video was not watched. The record uses only the written abstract and original written demonstrations.",
              "Exact Claude release, prompts, and runtime settings are not specified in the reviewed accounts."
            ],
            "chronology_source": {
              "url": "https://newsletter.dancohen.org/archive/the-librarys-new-entryway/",
              "title": "The Library’s New Entryway",
              "date": "2025-10-10",
              "basis": "First retained demonstration publication."
            },
            "deployment_stage": "Launched library interface with early use and qualitative testing.",
            "limitations": "Northeastern is the correct institution. The sheet’s Northwestern attribution is erroneous.",
            "lead_source_ref": "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
            "retained_source_order": [
              "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
              "AIBD-0590-source-0002",
              "AIBD-0590-source-0003"
            ],
            "discovery_source": {
              "url": "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ZDVVXiGeMcKJlq4F3GvvZALDtLliGeJtdDV6Zhr_p-0/edit#gid=0",
              "role": "Lead identification only; not independent benefit evidence."
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            "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
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          ],
          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
        },
        "review_state": "reviewed",
        "coverage": "complete",
        "display": {
          "answer": "The source review separates original evidence from repeated accounts and records material access limits."
        }
      },
      "strategic_assessments[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "strategic assessments"
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      "summary": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "text",
          "text": "Northeastern’s library connected Claude to scholarly collections and reported better discovery in early use; learning gains have not been measured."
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
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          "source_refs": [
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          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
        },
        "review_state": "reviewed",
        "coverage": "complete"
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      "systems[].autonomy_permissions": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "systems[].component_role": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "systems[].deployment_configuration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "systems[].inputs_outputs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "systems[].model_name": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].product_name": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "text",
          "text": "Northeastern University Library MCP server and Claude plugin"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
          "basis": "Reviewed the qualified case account against the retained original sources and their specific contributions.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": [
            "AIBD-0590-source-0001",
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          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
        "coverage": "complete"
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      "systems[].provider": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "title": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "text",
          "text": "An AI interface connects users to library collections"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "source_review",
          "basis": "Reviewed the qualified case account against the retained original sources and their specific contributions.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": [
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          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
        "coverage": "complete"
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      "version": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
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        "provenance": {
          "kind": "derivation",
          "basis": "Computed the version from the normalized current core record.",
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          "source_refs": [],
          "reviewed_on": "2026-10-27"
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        "review_state": "reviewed",
        "coverage": "complete"
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      "workflow": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "Northeastern University Library developed a server and Claude plugin that direct academic requests to library resources and return links to underlying works. Library dean Dan Cohen demonstrated the interface in October 2025. A later account described adding museum collections and retrieving relevant material without ordinary web search. Cohen and Evan Simpson subsequently reported an improved discovery experience in early testing. These are accounts from the deploying institution, without a controlled retrieval benchmark or measured learning outcome.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "The university connected Claude with its catalog and article resources through a server and direct source links."
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "The reviewed sources do not establish causal conditions or an effect size for reproducing the benefit."
              ],
              "echoes": []
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          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Mapped from the new case record; this field has not received a separate field-level assessment.",
          "record_fields": [
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            "replication"
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        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
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    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 33,
      "reviewed": 19,
      "reviewed_complete": 18,
      "reviewed_partial": 1,
      "record_mapped": 14,
      "review_not_assessed": 58,
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      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 33,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 58,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}