{
  "id": "AIBD-0344",
  "title": "After UNEP MARS alerts, operators divert gas from an Iraqi flare that had released about 1.7m tCO2e since 2023; the source may be in the Zubair field near Basra",
  "summary": "The Chemical Engineer (5 May 2026), relaying UNEP: the largest source mitigated in 2026 was an Iraqi flare, 1.7m tCO2e since 2023, apparently in the Zubair field; Eni did not confirm closure.",
  "date_observed": "2026-05-05",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "The Chemical Engineer reported on 5 May 2026, relaying UNEP's Methane Alert and Response System (MARS) figures. MARS had curbed 41 methane super-emitters since launching in 2023. Six significant sources had stopped emitting in 2026 following MARS alerts, including three in Turkmenistan and one each in Libya, Iraq and Kazakhstan. The largest source mitigated this year was a flare in Iraq, where operators diverted gas to a newer facility. The flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023. The source appears to have been at a facility in the Zubair oil and gas field near Basra. The article reports that the operator Eni acknowledged running a leak detection and repair campaign at Zubair. Eni did not confirm closure of the specific source. The article says MARS uses data from 35 satellite instruments to identify large plumes and alert operators. UNEP's MARS page adds that IMEO couples satellite data with scientific expertise and advanced AI models. No date for the mitigation is given beyond 2026. UNEP's press releases were not available, and no UNEP case document for this source is on record.",
  "category": "benefit created",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Satellite-based detection and notification of large methane plumes so that operators mitigate them. This case was that purpose.",
  "system": "UNEP IMEO Methane Alert and Response System (MARS): satellite plume detection and analysis with AI models, notification and satellite confirmation",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "UNEP International Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO)",
  "deployer": "UNEP International Methane Emissions Observatory (notification); facility operators in Iraq (gas diversion); the article names Eni as operator of the Zubair field",
  "location": "Zubair oil and gas field near Basra, Iraq (location reported as apparent, not confirmed)",
  "domain": "Climate change mitigation / methane emissions monitoring",
  "segment": "Oil and gas production; intergovernmental observatory",
  "benefit_type": "Reduced Carbon Emissions",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "personal",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "No individual beneficiary is identified."
    },
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Operators are reported to have diverted gas to a newer facility. The operator did not confirm the specific closure, and no operational detail or cost is documented."
    },
    {
      "group": "societal",
      "depth": 2,
      "reason": "Reported as the largest source mitigated in 2026, after an estimated 1.7m tCO2e released since 2023. It is still one case among about 41 confirmed, and unconfirmed by the operator."
    }
  ],
  "ai_role": {
    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "The trade press credits the mitigation to MARS alerts. Only UNEP's general page describes MARS as satellite-based with advanced AI models, so the AI contribution to this detection is not isolated. A single news item relaying the system operator documents the case. The named field operator declined to confirm closure of the specific source."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Baker, S. (2026). UN satellite programme curbs more than 40 methane 'super-emitters' since 2023. The Chemical Engineer, 5 May 2026.",
      "title": "UN satellite programme curbs more than 40 methane 'super-emitters' since 2023",
      "url": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/un-satellite-programme-curbs-more-than-40-methane-super-emitters-since-2023/",
      "date": "2026-05-05",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "The largest source mitigated this year was a flare in Iraq, where operators diverted gas to a newer facility."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Baker, S. (2026). Same article, emissions estimate.",
      "title": "UN satellite programme curbs more than 40 methane 'super-emitters' (Iraq flare emissions)",
      "url": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/un-satellite-programme-curbs-more-than-40-methane-super-emitters-since-2023/",
      "date": "2026-05-05",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "The flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Baker, S. (2026). Same article, location and operator response (Eni acknowledged a campaign at Zubair but did not confirm closure of the specific source).",
      "title": "UN satellite programme curbs more than 40 methane 'super-emitters' (Zubair)",
      "url": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/un-satellite-programme-curbs-more-than-40-methane-super-emitters-since-2023/",
      "date": "2026-05-05",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "The source appears to have been at a facility in the Zubair oil and gas field near Basra."
    },
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "UNEP (n.d.). Methane Alert and Response System (MARS). UNEP topics page.",
      "title": "Methane Alert and Response System (MARS)",
      "url": "https://www.unep.org/topics/energy/methane/methane-alert-and-response-system-mars",
      "date": null,
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "Using data from more than 30 satellite instruments, coupled with scientific expertise and advanced AI models, IMEO notifies governments and companies of emissions"
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "Satellite detection of a persistent flare plume emitting since 2023",
      "MARS alerts to operators with a newer facility able to take the diverted gas",
      "UNEP confirmation through later satellite observation (as described for MARS cases generally)"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Operator capacity and willingness to re-route gas rather than flare it",
      "Satellite coverage to confirm cessation",
      "Operator or government confirmation, absent here (Eni did not confirm the specific closure)"
    ],
    "echoes": [
      {
        "date": "2025-11-26",
        "setting": "Kazakhstan KAZ_S_136: pipeline leak stopped after a MARS notification (UNEP case document); emissions observed again by 21 May 2026",
        "model_version": null,
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstreams/558dda69-c8e5-42c2-b10a-7b9c3dcc3e79/download"
      },
      {
        "date": "2026-04-01",
        "setting": "Aerial field, Alberta, Canada: ball-valve repair one week after detection (trade press relaying UNEP)",
        "model_version": null,
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/canada-plugs-major-source-of-methane-emissions-from-oil-and-gas-field-leak/"
      },
      {
        "date": "2024-01-01",
        "setting": "Hassi Messaoud, Algeria (existing record AIBD-0091)",
        "model_version": null,
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "AIBD-0091"
      }
    ]
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "UNEP MARS alerts lead operators to divert gas from Iraqi flare",
  "metric": "the flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023",
  "comparator": {
    "against": "the flare before gas was diverted",
    "before": "an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023",
    "after": "operators diverted gas production to a newer facility",
    "basis": "measured",
    "quote": "The largest source mitigated this year was a flare in Iraq, where operators diverted gas production to a newer facility. The flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023.",
    "url": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/un-satellite-programme-curbs-more-than-40-methane-super-emitters-since-2023/"
  },
  "later": {
    "status": "unknown",
    "date": null,
    "note": "Eni did not confirm closing the specific source and nothing dated after the 5 May 2026 article was found in the cited sources; the September 2026 UNEP snapshot lists no Iraqi source among its top 50.",
    "quote": null,
    "url": null
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "France",
  "deployer_country": "France",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
  "brief": null,
  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Title reworded to state the event without naming who claims it.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/un-satellite-programme-curbs-more-than-40-methane-super-emitters-since-2023/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Carbon Emissions under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Environmental Sustainability among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Methane_Emissions_Observatory; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Methane_Emissions_Observatory",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
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      "change": "Notes about which sources could be read were reworded for readers; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
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      "date": "2026-10-22",
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      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
  ],
  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
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        "state": "value_present",
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          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "summary": "The Chemical Engineer (5 May 2026), relaying UNEP: the largest source mitigated in 2026 was an Iraqi flare, 1.7m tCO2e since 2023, apparently in the Zubair field; Eni did not confirm closure.",
            "account": "The Chemical Engineer reported on 5 May 2026, relaying UNEP's Methane Alert and Response System (MARS) figures. MARS had curbed 41 methane super-emitters since launching in 2023. Six significant sources had stopped emitting in 2026 following MARS alerts, including three in Turkmenistan and one each in Libya, Iraq and Kazakhstan. The largest source mitigated this year was a flare in Iraq, where operators diverted gas to a newer facility. The flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023. The source appears to have been at a facility in the Zubair oil and gas field near Basra. The article reports that the operator Eni acknowledged running a leak detection and repair campaign at Zubair. Eni did not confirm closure of the specific source. The article says MARS uses data from 35 satellite instruments to identify large plumes and alert operators. UNEP's MARS page adds that IMEO couples satellite data with scientific expertise and advanced AI models. No date for the mitigation is given beyond 2026. UNEP's press releases were not available, and no UNEP case document for this source is on record."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "summary",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].autonomy_permissions": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].component_role": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].deployment_configuration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].inputs_outputs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_name": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].product_name": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "system": "UNEP IMEO Methane Alert and Response System (MARS): satellite plume detection and analysis with AI models, notification and satellite confirmation"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "system"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].provider": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
            "application_developer": "UNEP International Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "developer"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "title": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "title": "After UNEP MARS alerts, operators divert gas from an Iraqi flare that had released about 1.7m tCO2e since 2023; the source may be in the Zubair field near Basra",
            "headline": "UNEP MARS alerts lead operators to divert gas from Iraqi flare"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "title",
            "headline"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "version": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "5f1b2e0372d74c8235c8410853ea5a5f5eca7ae7023e04fed53a297c8d67ad9b"
          ],
          "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "workflow": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "The Chemical Engineer reported on 5 May 2026, relaying UNEP's Methane Alert and Response System (MARS) figures. MARS had curbed 41 methane super-emitters since launching in 2023. Six significant sources had stopped emitting in 2026 following MARS alerts, including three in Turkmenistan and one each in Libya, Iraq and Kazakhstan. The largest source mitigated this year was a flare in Iraq, where operators diverted gas to a newer facility. The flare had released an estimated 1.7m tCO2e since 2023. The source appears to have been at a facility in the Zubair oil and gas field near Basra. The article reports that the operator Eni acknowledged running a leak detection and repair campaign at Zubair. Eni did not confirm closure of the specific source. The article says MARS uses data from 35 satellite instruments to identify large plumes and alert operators. UNEP's MARS page adds that IMEO couples satellite data with scientific expertise and advanced AI models. No date for the mitigation is given beyond 2026. UNEP's press releases were not available, and no UNEP case document for this source is on record.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Satellite detection of a persistent flare plume emitting since 2023",
                "MARS alerts to operators with a newer facility able to take the diverted gas",
                "UNEP confirmation through later satellite observation (as described for MARS cases generally)"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "Operator capacity and willingness to re-route gas rather than flare it",
                "Satellite coverage to confirm cessation",
                "Operator or government confirmation, absent here (Eni did not confirm the specific closure)"
              ],
              "echoes": [
                {
                  "date": "2025-11-26",
                  "setting": "Kazakhstan KAZ_S_136: pipeline leak stopped after a MARS notification (UNEP case document); emissions observed again by 21 May 2026",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstreams/558dda69-c8e5-42c2-b10a-7b9c3dcc3e79/download"
                },
                {
                  "date": "2026-04-01",
                  "setting": "Aerial field, Alberta, Canada: ball-valve repair one week after detection (trade press relaying UNEP)",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/canada-plugs-major-source-of-methane-emissions-from-oil-and-gas-field-leak/"
                },
                {
                  "date": "2024-01-01",
                  "setting": "Hassi Messaoud, Algeria (existing record AIBD-0091)",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "AIBD-0091"
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      }
    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 29,
      "reviewed": 0,
      "record_mapped": 29,
      "not_assessed": 62,
      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 29,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 62,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}