{ "id": "AIBD-0322", "title": "PlantVillage Nuru helps Busia County cassava farmer Josephine Arisat select clean cuttings; her yields may have risen from 0.5 kg to 2–5 kg per plant", "summary": "PlantVillage's own 23 Mar 2020 post: after 18 months using Nuru, introduced via Self Help Africa and Ugunja Resource Center, Arisat reports 2.0–5.0 kg per plant against 0.5 kg; no independent source.", "date_observed": "2020-03-23", "date_basis": "unassessed", "date_precision": "unassessed", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "A PlantVillage (Pennsylvania State University) blog post dated 23 March 2020, profiles Josephine Arisat of Asing'e location, Busia County. The CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture's project page links it as a “Success story from a cassava farmer in Busia County, Kenya”. She has grown cassava since 1995 and had been using the PlantVillage Nuru smartphone app “for a period of One and a half years”. Organizations “such as SHA and Ugunja Resource Center” introduced it. She is quoted: “Initially, I used to harvest rotten cassava tubers whereas their leaves looked healthy. I never knew that Cassava leaves can showcase diseases”. With Nuru she can scan leaves for cassava mosaic disease, cassava green mite or cassava brown streak disease and get management advice. The post states that before Nuru she “would harvest just 0.5kg per Cassava plant”. Using the app to select healthy cuttings to replant, “she harvests between 2.0–5.0 kg per Cassava plant”. It also records that she switched in 2016 to certified seed (MM06 and Mygeria varieties) and joined an aggregation selling to True Trade in 2019. She recommends one-meter spacing. The post does not separate any of these from the app's effect. Per CGIAR's page, Nuru was tested in Busia County “in partnership with Self Help Africa, a charity helping 28,000 farmers in the cassava value chain”. It says over 100 lead farmers there received smartphones at the start of 2019. Mrisho et al. (Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020), co-authored by PlantVillage and IITA developers, measured Nuru's symptom-recognition accuracy. It was 65% in 2020 versus 40–58% for extension agents and 18–31% for farmers, including 50 farmers from Busia County. That paper reports no individual outcomes. Business Insider (10 August 2022) independently quotes a Kilifi County farmer, Caroline Dama Kitsao, on Nuru. “The levels of pests and diseases in our farms have reduced, and our crops are more healthy”, she said. It quotes PlantVillage's David Hughes claiming yield increases “between 130% to 530%”. No peer-reviewed or agency source documents Arisat's case. Separate records cover Nuru's accuracy study and FAO fall armyworm use.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "Nuru is built to recognize cassava disease and pest symptoms on leaves offline and give management advice. Selecting clean cuttings from diagnosed plants is that intended use.", "system": "PlantVillage Nuru (offline TensorFlow convolutional neural network for cassava disease and pest symptoms on a smartphone)", "model_version": null, "developer": "PlantVillage, Pennsylvania State University, with the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)", "deployer": "Self Help Africa and Ugunja Resource Center (lead-farmer program in Busia County)", "location": "Asing'e, Busia County, Kenya", "domain": "Agriculture / crop disease diagnosis", "segment": "Smallholder cassava", "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery", "taxonomy_note": "The documented outcome is a higher cassava yield, and the type names the diagnostic information that produced it.", "registry_ids": {}, "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Arisat's reported rise from 0.5 kg to 2.0 to 5.0 kg per plant is a measurable improvement in her harvest. It comes only from the developer's blog, with no independent source." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "unassessed", "statement": "Only the maker's account exists for this case. PlantVillage's post attributes the yield change, in the farmer's words, to Nuru's leaf-scanning diagnosis guiding removal of diseased plants and selection of clean cuttings. The independent evidence concerns the model's accuracy (Mrisho et al. 2020, developer co-authored) and another farmer's self-report in Business Insider, not Arisat. So the AI's share of her outcome cannot be assessed." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "press release", "citation": "PlantVillage (2020). Successful stories of cassava farmers in Busia County. PlantVillage blog, Pennsylvania State University, 23 March 2020 (developer-authored; linked from the CGIAR Big Data Inspire Challenge project page).", "title": "Successful stories of cassava farmers in Busia County", "url": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/71-successful-stories-of-cassava-farmers-in-busia-county", "date": "2020-03-23", "written_by": "makers", "quote": "Before using PlantVillage Nuru smartphone application, Josephine would harvest just 0.5kg per Cassava plant." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "PlantVillage (2020), same post.", "title": "Successful stories of cassava farmers in Busia County", "url": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/71-successful-stories-of-cassava-farmers-in-busia-county", "date": "2020-03-23", "written_by": "makers", "quote": "she harvests between 2.0-5.0 kg per Cassava plant." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture (undated). PlantVillage Nuru: Pest and disease monitoring using artificial intelligence. Inspire Challenge 2017 pilot and 2019 scale-up project page (partner-written; links the Arisat post as a success story).", "title": "PlantVillage Nuru: Pest and disease monitoring using artificial intelligence", "url": "https://bigdata.cgiar.org/inspire/inspire-challenge-2017/pest-and-disease-monitoring-by-using-artificial-intelligence/", "date": null, "written_by": "makers", "quote": "In Busia County, Kenya, PlantVillage is working with over 100 Lead Farmers who received smartphones at the beginning of 2019." }, { "kind": "peer-reviewed study", "citation": "Mrisho LM, Mbilinyi NA, Ndalahwa M, Ramcharan AM, Kehs AK, McCloskey PC, Murithi H, Hughes DP, Legg JP (2020). Accuracy of a Smartphone-Based Object Detection Model, PlantVillage Nuru, in Identifying the Foliar Symptoms of the Viral Diseases of Cassava-CMD and CBSD. Frontiers in Plant Science 11:590889 (PMC7775399; developer co-authored).", "title": "Accuracy of a Smartphone-Based Object Detection Model, PlantVillage Nuru, in Identifying the Foliar Symptoms of the Viral Diseases of Cassava-CMD and CBSD", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7775399/", "date": "2020-12-17", "written_by": "makers", "quote": "Nuru could diagnose symptoms of cassava diseases at a higher accuracy (65% in 2020) than the agricultural extension agents (40-58%) and farmers (18-31%)." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Business Insider (2022). US state university developed an AI assistant for African farmers. 10 August 2022.", "title": "US state university developed an AI assistant for African farmers", "url": "https://www.businessinsider.com/us-state-university-developed-an-ai-assistant-for-african-farmers-2022-8", "date": "2022-08-10", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "The levels of pests and diseases in our farms have reduced, and our crops are more healthy." } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "A smartphone with Nuru supplied through a lead-farmer scheme (Self Help Africa, Ugunja Resource Center) with training", "Use of the diagnosis to uproot diseased plants and select clean cuttings for replanting" ], "must_hold": [ "Symptoms are visible on leaves. Mrisho et al. report accuracy rising when six leaves per plant are scanned", "The app's effect is separable from certified seed, spacing and market changes, which the post does not attempt" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2022-08-10", "setting": "Kilifi County cassava and maize farmer Caroline Dama Kitsao, who joined PlantVillage in 2020, quoted by Business Insider (self-report)", "model_version": null, "outcome": "recurred", "source": "https://www.businessinsider.com/us-state-university-developed-an-ai-assistant-for-african-farmers-2022-8" } ] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "Nuru may have lifted cassava yield from 0.5 kg to 2–5 kg a plant", "metric": "2.0–5.0 kg per plant against 0.5 kg", "comparator": { "against": "the same farmer's harvests before she used the Nuru app", "before": "0.5kg per Cassava plant", "after": "between 2.0-5.0 kg per Cassava plant", "basis": "assumed", "quote": "Before using PlantVillage Nuru smartphone application, Josephine would harvest just 0.5kg per Cassava plant. With an AI assistant in her hand helping her to select healthy cassava cuttings to replant, she harvests between 2.0-5.0 kg per Cassava plant.", "url": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/71-successful-stories-of-cassava-farmers-in-busia-county" }, "later": { "status": "scaled", "date": "2022-08-10", "note": "By August 2022 Business Insider reported Nuru extended to eight more countries, with PlantVillage's David Hughes claiming cassava yield increases of 130% to 530%, and CGIAR's project page records 240 phones distributed to Bungoma, Kilifi and Tanzania in April 2021.", "quote": "PlantVillage has expanded some of its projects, including Nuru, to Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Malawi, Burkina Faso, Nepal, and Honduras.", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20221002175306/https://www.businessinsider.com/us-state-university-developed-an-ai-assistant-for-african-farmers-2022-8" }, "value": null, "developer_country": "United States", "deployer_country": "Kenya", "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Depth rated 2 for personal on the documented outcome, with the reason stated on each rating.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Headline reworded to state the event without naming who claims it.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Title reworded to state the event without naming who claims it.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/71-successful-stories-of-cassava-farmers-in-busia-county; https://web.archive.org/web/20221002175306/https://www.businessinsider.com/us-state-university-developed-an-ai-assistant-for-african-farmers-2022-8", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University; https://selfhelpafrica.org/ie/where-we-work/kenya/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-22", "change": "Organization name standardized to Self Help Africa.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "reported", "shade": "medium", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "claim_basis": "Sources: one independent news report, the makers' peer-reviewed study and two press releases from the makers. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.", "profile": { "case_id": "AIBD-0322", "catalog_version": "1.0.0", "source_fingerprint": "78586b05c4ff5ef3d2e0a49c22ce8058798b8291e04bffa7cc718fa6336d9411", "collection_refs": [ { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "snapshot-8bf7cfec9cb185aa" }, { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "viator", "version": "2026-10-25" } ], "source_ids": [ "AIBD-0322-source-0001", "AIBD-0322-source-0002", "AIBD-0322-source-0003", "AIBD-0322-source-0004", "AIBD-0322-source-0005" ], "families": { "strategic assessments": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "evaluations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "monetary observations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "institutional decisions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] } }, "fields": { "actors[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "developer": "PlantVillage, Pennsylvania State University, with the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)", "deployer": "Self Help Africa and Ugunja Resource Center (lead-farmer program in Busia County)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "developer", "deployer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "actors[].ownership_control": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_contribution": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "category": "benefit created", "ai_role": { "status": "unassessed", "statement": "Only the maker's account exists for this case. PlantVillage's post attributes the yield change, in the farmer's words, to Nuru's leaf-scanning diagnosis guiding removal of diseased plants and selection of clean cuttings. The independent evidence concerns the model's accuracy (Mrisho et al. 2020, developer co-authored) and another farmer's self-report in Business Insider, not Arisat. So the AI's share of her outcome cannot be assessed." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role", "category" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].alternatives": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].assessor_date": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].depth": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Arisat's reported rise from 0.5 kg to 2.0 to 5.0 kg per plant is a measurable improvement in her harvest. It comes only from the developer's blog, with no independent source." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].display_confidence": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "confidence": "medium", "evidence_word": "reported", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "basis": "Sources: one independent news report, the makers' peer-reviewed study and two press releases from the makers. 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Nuru, to Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Malawi, Burkina Faso, Nepal, and Honduras.", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20221002175306/https://www.businessinsider.com/us-state-university-developed-an-ai-assistant-for-african-farmers-2022-8" } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "later" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "human_oversight": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "id": "AIBD-0322" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "id" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "infrastructure_dependencies[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].beneficiaries": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].beneficiary_count": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].benefit_type": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery", "taxonomy_note": "The documented outcome is a higher cassava yield, and the type names the diagnostic information that produced it." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "benefit_type", "taxonomy_note" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].claim": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "A PlantVillage (Pennsylvania State University) blog post dated 23 March 2020, profiles Josephine Arisat of Asing'e location, Busia County. The CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture's project page links it as a “Success story from a cassava farmer in Busia County, Kenya”. She has grown cassava since 1995 and had been using the PlantVillage Nuru smartphone app “for a period of One and a half years”. Organizations “such as SHA and Ugunja Resource Center” introduced it. She is quoted: “Initially, I used to harvest rotten cassava tubers whereas their leaves looked healthy. I never knew that Cassava leaves can showcase diseases”. With Nuru she can scan leaves for cassava mosaic disease, cassava green mite or cassava brown streak disease and get management advice. The post states that before Nuru she “would harvest just 0.5kg per Cassava plant”. Using the app to select healthy cuttings to replant, “she harvests between 2.0–5.0 kg per Cassava plant”. It also records that she switched in 2016 to certified seed (MM06 and Mygeria varieties) and joined an aggregation selling to True Trade in 2019. She recommends one-meter spacing. The post does not separate any of these from the app's effect. Per CGIAR's page, Nuru was tested in Busia County “in partnership with Self Help Africa, a charity helping 28,000 farmers in the cassava value chain”. It says over 100 lead farmers there received smartphones at the start of 2019. Mrisho et al. (Frontiers in Plant Science, 2020), co-authored by PlantVillage and IITA developers, measured Nuru's symptom-recognition accuracy. It was 65% in 2020 versus 40–58% for extension agents and 18–31% for farmers, including 50 farmers from Busia County. That paper reports no individual outcomes. Business Insider (10 August 2022) independently quotes a Kilifi County farmer, Caroline Dama Kitsao, on Nuru. “The levels of pests and diseases in our farms have reduced, and our crops are more healthy”, she said. It quotes PlantVillage's David Hughes claiming yield increases “between 130% to 530%”. No peer-reviewed or agency source documents Arisat's case. 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