{ "id": "AIBD-0293", "title": "Oura ring heart-rate and HRV trends inform a stress test and Holter that document frequent PVCs in a diabetic man in his early 40s; the ring raised no alert", "summary": "Dubai clinic case: Oura ring heart-rate and HRV summaries, read by clinicians, fed into a stress test and Holter showing 2,078 PVCs in 24 h; the ring detects no arrhythmia and issued no alert.", "date_observed": "2024-07-18", "date_basis": "unassessed", "date_precision": "unassessed", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "Zakaria, Roman, Almarzooqi and Hashemi of GluCare.Health, Dubai, reported a case in Cureus (16 June 2025). A man in his early 40s had type 2 diabetes and a smoking history. He had been issued an ŌURA ring under the clinic's hybrid care model. He attended for cardiac risk assessment before half-marathon training. Per the paper, testing followed his risk profile, “which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring”. The treadmill stress test on 18 July 2024, the date the cardiologist made the diagnosis, showed frequent PVCs in bigeminy and abnormal heart-rate recovery. The team then reviewed the ring's previous two weeks of data retrospectively and found a persistently elevated daytime heart rate and a downward HRV trend. A 24-hour Holter recorded 2,078 ventricular events (1.75% of beats, no couplets or runs). The PVCs were judged idiopathic, of right ventricular outflow tract origin. Management was non-pharmacological (stop smoking, cut caffeine from over five cups of coffee a day, stress reduction). A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) three days later showed no PVCs. Follow-up ring data showed resting heart rate falling from 83 to 74 bpm and RMSSD rising from 15.2 to 32.8 ms over two months. The authors say this supported deferring drug therapy. The paper states that the ring “does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs” and that data review “was conducted retrospectively”. It describes no alert and no machine-learning component. It is inconsistent on sequence. The case presentation says the stress-test findings prompted the retrospective ring review. The data-analysis section says the ring data “raised clinical suspicion and prompted further evaluation through ECG and Holter monitoring”.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "The ring tracks heart rate, HRV and sleep for consumers. The clinic used those daily summaries as remote-monitoring markers in its diabetes program. The paper does not claim the ring was built to find arrhythmias.", "system": "ŌURA ring (heart-rate and heart-rate-variability summaries) used within GluCare.Health's hybrid care model", "model_version": null, "developer": "Maker of the ŌURA ring (company not named in the paper)", "deployer": "GluCare.Health, Dubai", "location": "Dubai, United Arab Emirates", "domain": "Healthcare (cardiology; diabetes care)", "segment": "Consumer wearables", "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health", "taxonomy_note": null, "registry_ids": {}, "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 1, "reason": "One asymptomatic man had a low PVC burden (1.75%) characterized, judged benign, and managed with lifestyle change. The report documents no drug or procedure. The ring's share in prompting the work-up is stated inconsistently within the paper." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The ring generated no alert and, per the paper, cannot detect PVCs. Clinicians read its heart-rate and HRV summaries twice. Once was before the stress test (an elevated resting heart rate seen in remote monitoring is listed among the reasons for testing). Once was retrospectively afterwards. The ECG, stress test and Holter made the diagnosis. The paper describes no machine-learning component, so whether an AI system was involved is not shown by the source text. The only source is the treating clinic's case report." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria H, Roman I, Almarzooqi I, Hashemi A (2025). Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring. Cureus 17(6):e86174 (PMC12268106).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While the ŌURA ring does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs, it supplies surrogate physiological markers, such as heart rate and HRV, that can support early clinical insight" }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, abstract (on the timing of the data review).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "The patient wore an ŌURA ring before, during, and after a treadmill stress test; however, data review was conducted retrospectively." }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, ECG section (on why the stress test was ordered).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "a treadmill stress test was pursued due to his high-risk profile, which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring" } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Continuous ring wear under a clinic hybrid care model in which staff review daily synced heart-rate and HRV summaries", "Risk factors (type 2 diabetes, smoking) that led to a treadmill stress test", "Access to ECG, 24-hour Holter and echocardiography to confirm and characterize the PVCs" ], "must_hold": [ "Clinicians act on wearable trend deviations. The clinic later wrote thresholds into its workflow (an RMSSD drop of more than 30% or a resting heart rate above 110 bpm prompts review)", "The patient keeps wearing and syncing the ring so that trends can be compared with a baseline" ], "echoes": [] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "Oura ring trends feed into a Holter showing 2,078 PVCs in 24 h", "metric": "a 24-hour Holter recorded 2,078 ventricular events (1.75% of beats, no couplets or runs)", "comparator": null, "later": { "status": "unknown", "date": null, "note": "The paper's own two-month and four-month follow-up (resting heart rate 83 to 74 bpm, RMSSD 15.2 to 32.8 ms) belongs to the first report; nothing published after it was found.", "quote": null, "url": null }, "value": null, "developer_country": "Finland", "deployer_country": "United Arab Emirates", "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://ouraring.com/about-us; https://metabolic.health/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "claimed", "shade": "low", "claim_status": "The deployer's account", "claim_basis": "Sources: the deployer's case report. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.", "profile": { "case_id": "AIBD-0293", "catalog_version": "1.0.0", "source_fingerprint": "d3b952e1827d533843bd541c633002a98a2acd8aef57b333f5f380db633c8b83", "collection_refs": [ { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "snapshot-8bf7cfec9cb185aa" }, { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "viator", "version": "2026-10-25" } ], "source_ids": [ "AIBD-0293-source-0001", "AIBD-0293-source-0002", "AIBD-0293-source-0003" ], "families": { "strategic assessments": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "evaluations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "monetary observations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "institutional decisions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] } }, "fields": { "actors[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "developer": "Maker of the ŌURA ring (company not named in the paper)", "deployer": "GluCare.Health, Dubai" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "developer", "deployer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "actors[].ownership_control": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_contribution": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The ring generated no alert and, per the paper, cannot detect PVCs. Clinicians read its heart-rate and HRV summaries twice. Once was before the stress test (an elevated resting heart rate seen in remote monitoring is listed among the reasons for testing). Once was retrospectively afterwards. The ECG, stress test and Holter made the diagnosis. The paper describes no machine-learning component, so whether an AI system was involved is not shown by the source text. The only source is the treating clinic's case report." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "category": "benefit created", "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The ring generated no alert and, per the paper, cannot detect PVCs. Clinicians read its heart-rate and HRV summaries twice. Once was before the stress test (an elevated resting heart rate seen in remote monitoring is listed among the reasons for testing). Once was retrospectively afterwards. The ECG, stress test and Holter made the diagnosis. The paper describes no machine-learning component, so whether an AI system was involved is not shown by the source text. The only source is the treating clinic's case report." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role", "category" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].alternatives": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].assessor_date": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].depth": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 1, "reason": "One asymptomatic man had a low PVC burden (1.75%) characterized, judged benign, and managed with lifestyle change. The report documents no drug or procedure. The ring's share in prompting the work-up is stated inconsistently within the paper." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].display_confidence": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "confidence": "low", "evidence_word": "claimed", "claim_status": "The deployer's account", "basis": "Sources: the deployer's case report. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.", "interpretation": "Existing display rule preserved; the richer outcome-specific confidence question still needs review." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Derived from the existing case display properties; not a new evidentiary judgment.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].rationale": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 1, "reason": "One asymptomatic man had a low PVC burden (1.75%) characterized, judged benign, and managed with lifestyle change. The report documents no drug or procedure. 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"kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "benefit_type" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].claim": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "Zakaria, Roman, Almarzooqi and Hashemi of GluCare.Health, Dubai, reported a case in Cureus (16 June 2025). A man in his early 40s had type 2 diabetes and a smoking history. He had been issued an ŌURA ring under the clinic's hybrid care model. He attended for cardiac risk assessment before half-marathon training. Per the paper, testing followed his risk profile, “which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring”. The treadmill stress test on 18 July 2024, the date the cardiologist made the diagnosis, showed frequent PVCs in bigeminy and abnormal heart-rate recovery. The team then reviewed the ring's previous two weeks of data retrospectively and found a persistently elevated daytime heart rate and a downward HRV trend. A 24-hour Holter recorded 2,078 ventricular events (1.75% of beats, no couplets or runs). The PVCs were judged idiopathic, of right ventricular outflow tract origin. Management was non-pharmacological (stop smoking, cut caffeine from over five cups of coffee a day, stress reduction). A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) three days later showed no PVCs. Follow-up ring data showed resting heart rate falling from 83 to 74 bpm and RMSSD rising from 15.2 to 32.8 ms over two months. The authors say this supported deferring drug therapy. The paper states that the ring “does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs” and that data review “was conducted retrospectively”. It describes no alert and no machine-learning component. It is inconsistent on sequence. The case presentation says the stress-test findings prompted the retrospective ring review. The data-analysis section says the ring data “raised clinical suspicion and prompted further evaluation through ECG and Holter monitoring”.", "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "benefit_type" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].distribution": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].duration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].id": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].stakeholder_group": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 1, "reason": "One asymptomatic man had a low PVC burden (1.75%) characterized, judged benign, and managed with lifestyle change. The report documents no drug or procedure. The ring's share in prompting the work-up is stated inconsistently within the paper." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].status": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].tradeoffs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].unexpected": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "unexpected": false, "purpose": "The ring tracks heart rate, HRV and sleep for consumers. The clinic used those daily summaries as remote-monitoring markers in its diabetes program. The paper does not claim the ring was built to find arrhythmias." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "unexpected", "purpose" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "places[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "location": "Dubai, United Arab Emirates", "developer_country": "Finland", "deployer_country": "United Arab Emirates" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "location", "developer_country", "deployer_country" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "purpose": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "purpose": "The ring tracks heart rate, HRV and sleep for consumers. The clinic used those daily summaries as remote-monitoring markers in its diabetes program. The paper does not claim the ring was built to find arrhythmias." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "purpose" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "record_dates": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "date_observed": "2024-07-18", "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://ouraring.com/about-us; https://metabolic.health/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "date_observed", "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.attempts[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.conditions": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Continuous ring wear under a clinic hybrid care model in which staff review daily synced heart-rate and HRV summaries", "Risk factors (type 2 diabetes, smoking) that led to a treadmill stress test", "Access to ECG, 24-hour Holter and echocardiography to confirm and characterize the PVCs" ], "must_hold": [ "Clinicians act on wearable trend deviations. The clinic later wrote thresholds into its workflow (an RMSSD drop of more than 30% or a resting heart rate above 110 bpm prompts review)", "The patient keeps wearing and syncing the ring so that trends can be compared with a baseline" ], "echoes": [] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "revision_history[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://ouraring.com/about-us; https://metabolic.health/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sector": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "domain": "Healthcare (cardiology; diabetes care)", "segment": "Consumer wearables" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "domain", "segment" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].access_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].citation_locator": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria H, Roman I, Almarzooqi I, Hashemi A (2025). Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring. Cureus 17(6):e86174 (PMC12268106).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While the ŌURA ring does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs, it supplies surrogate physiological markers, such as heart rate and HRV, that can support early clinical insight" }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, abstract (on the timing of the data review).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "The patient wore an ŌURA ring before, during, and after a treadmill stress test; however, data review was conducted retrospectively." }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, ECG section (on why the stress test was ordered).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "a treadmill stress test was pursued due to his high-risk profile, which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "AIBD-0293-source-0001", "AIBD-0293-source-0002", "AIBD-0293-source-0003" ], "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "sources[].language": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria H, Roman I, Almarzooqi I, Hashemi A (2025). Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring. Cureus 17(6):e86174 (PMC12268106).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model: Continuous Remote Monitoring of a Diabetic Patient With Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions Using an ŌURA Ring", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While the ŌURA ring does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs, it supplies surrogate physiological markers, such as heart rate and HRV, that can support early clinical insight" }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, abstract (on the timing of the data review).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "The patient wore an ŌURA ring before, during, and after a treadmill stress test; however, data review was conducted retrospectively." }, { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Zakaria et al. (2025), Cureus 17(6):e86174, ECG section (on why the stress test was ordered).", "title": "Integrating Wearables Into a Hybrid Care Model", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12268106/", "date": "2025-06-16", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "a treadmill stress test was pursued due to his high-risk profile, which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].upstream_sources": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "strategic_assessments[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "strategic assessments" }, "summary": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "summary": "Dubai clinic case: Oura ring heart-rate and HRV summaries, read by clinicians, fed into a stress test and Holter showing 2,078 PVCs in 24 h; the ring detects no arrhythmia and issued no alert.", "account": "Zakaria, Roman, Almarzooqi and Hashemi of GluCare.Health, Dubai, reported a case in Cureus (16 June 2025). A man in his early 40s had type 2 diabetes and a smoking history. He had been issued an ŌURA ring under the clinic's hybrid care model. He attended for cardiac risk assessment before half-marathon training. Per the paper, testing followed his risk profile, “which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring”. The treadmill stress test on 18 July 2024, the date the cardiologist made the diagnosis, showed frequent PVCs in bigeminy and abnormal heart-rate recovery. The team then reviewed the ring's previous two weeks of data retrospectively and found a persistently elevated daytime heart rate and a downward HRV trend. A 24-hour Holter recorded 2,078 ventricular events (1.75% of beats, no couplets or runs). The PVCs were judged idiopathic, of right ventricular outflow tract origin. Management was non-pharmacological (stop smoking, cut caffeine from over five cups of coffee a day, stress reduction). A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) three days later showed no PVCs. Follow-up ring data showed resting heart rate falling from 83 to 74 bpm and RMSSD rising from 15.2 to 32.8 ms over two months. The authors say this supported deferring drug therapy. The paper states that the ring “does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs” and that data review “was conducted retrospectively”. It describes no alert and no machine-learning component. It is inconsistent on sequence. The case presentation says the stress-test findings prompted the retrospective ring review. The data-analysis section says the ring data “raised clinical suspicion and prompted further evaluation through ECG and Holter monitoring”." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "summary", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].autonomy_permissions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].component_role": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].deployment_configuration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].inputs_outputs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_name": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].product_name": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "system": "ŌURA ring (heart-rate and heart-rate-variability summaries) used within GluCare.Health's hybrid care model" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "system" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].provider": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "application_developer": "Maker of the ŌURA ring (company not named in the paper)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "title": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "title": "Oura ring heart-rate and HRV trends inform a stress test and Holter that document frequent PVCs in a diabetic man in his early 40s; the ring raised no alert", "headline": "Oura ring trends feed into a Holter showing 2,078 PVCs in 24 h" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "title", "headline" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "version": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "d3b952e1827d533843bd541c633002a98a2acd8aef57b333f5f380db633c8b83" ], "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "workflow": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "Zakaria, Roman, Almarzooqi and Hashemi of GluCare.Health, Dubai, reported a case in Cureus (16 June 2025). A man in his early 40s had type 2 diabetes and a smoking history. He had been issued an ŌURA ring under the clinic's hybrid care model. He attended for cardiac risk assessment before half-marathon training. Per the paper, testing followed his risk profile, “which included poorly controlled diabetes and an elevated resting heart rate observed during wearable-based remote monitoring”. The treadmill stress test on 18 July 2024, the date the cardiologist made the diagnosis, showed frequent PVCs in bigeminy and abnormal heart-rate recovery. The team then reviewed the ring's previous two weeks of data retrospectively and found a persistently elevated daytime heart rate and a downward HRV trend. A 24-hour Holter recorded 2,078 ventricular events (1.75% of beats, no couplets or runs). The PVCs were judged idiopathic, of right ventricular outflow tract origin. Management was non-pharmacological (stop smoking, cut caffeine from over five cups of coffee a day, stress reduction). A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) three days later showed no PVCs. Follow-up ring data showed resting heart rate falling from 83 to 74 bpm and RMSSD rising from 15.2 to 32.8 ms over two months. The authors say this supported deferring drug therapy. The paper states that the ring “does not detect arrhythmias like PVCs” and that data review “was conducted retrospectively”. It describes no alert and no machine-learning component. It is inconsistent on sequence. The case presentation says the stress-test findings prompted the retrospective ring review. The data-analysis section says the ring data “raised clinical suspicion and prompted further evaluation through ECG and Holter monitoring”.", "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Continuous ring wear under a clinic hybrid care model in which staff review daily synced heart-rate and HRV summaries", "Risk factors (type 2 diabetes, smoking) that led to a treadmill stress test", "Access to ECG, 24-hour Holter and echocardiography to confirm and characterize the PVCs" ], "must_hold": [ "Clinicians act on wearable trend deviations. The clinic later wrote thresholds into its workflow (an RMSSD drop of more than 30% or a resting heart rate above 110 bpm prompts review)", "The patient keeps wearing and syncing the ring so that trends can be compared with a baseline" ], "echoes": [] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" } }, "summary": { "total": 91, "addressed": 91, "known": 28, "reviewed": 0, "record_mapped": 28, "not_assessed": 63, "complete": false, "by_state": { "value_present": 28, "not_reported": 0, "unresolved": 0, "not_assessed": 63, "not_applicable": 0, "withheld": 0, "source_unavailable": 0 } } } }