{ "id": "AIBD-0291", "title": "A smart wristwatch prompts a patient's readmission to the emergency department for investigation and management of a postoperative pulmonary embolism (Toronto, JBJS Case Connector 2021)", "summary": "Toronto Western Hospital orthopedic surgeons report a smart wristwatch prompting ED readmission for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management; details are limited to the abstract.", "date_observed": "2021-06-08", "date_basis": "source publication", "date_precision": "day", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "Drynan, Leroux and Zywiel reported a case in JBJS Case Connector (volume 11, issue 2, April-June 2021). They are from the Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto. It was published online 8 June 2021. The event date is not available. In the abstract's words, a smart wristwatch prompted a patient's readmission to the emergency department for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management. The abstract adds that constant patient monitoring and alerts are advantages of community-based smart technology. It says that surrounding issues must be considered in implementation. The abstract is the only available account. The patient's age, sex, operation, what the watch measured or alerted, the device's brand, and the clinical outcome are therefore not known.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "Consumer activity monitors are built to track heart rate and activity and to alert the wearer. The abstract credits the watch with prompting the readmission but does not say which function did so.", "system": "Smart wristwatch / personal activity monitor (brand, model and alert type not stated in the abstract)", "model_version": null, "developer": "Not stated (the abstract does not name the device's maker)", "deployer": null, "location": "Toronto, Canada (authors' institution; the abstract does not state where the case occurred)", "domain": "Healthcare (orthopedic surgery; postoperative monitoring)", "segment": "Consumer wearables", "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health", "taxonomy_note": null, "registry_ids": {}, "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 4, "reason": "The abstract states that the watch prompted the patient's readmission for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management, a serious condition caught in time. The outcome is not detailed, and details are limited to the abstract." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "unassessed", "statement": "The abstract is the only available account. It credits a smart wristwatch with prompting the readmission and refers to monitoring and alerts. It does not say what the device measured, whether an automatic alert fired, or what brand or algorithm was involved. The device's contribution cannot be assessed. The accessible abstract does not establish that AI contributed to the patient’s care." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Drynan D, Leroux TS, Zywiel MG (2021). Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connector 11(2). doi:10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841 (abstract only; full text paywalled).", "title": "Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "date": "2021-06-08", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "prompting a patient readmission to the emergency department" } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "A postoperative patient at home wearing a personal activity monitor", "The device producing a reading or alert that the patient or family took as a reason to return to hospital. The abstract does not say which.", "An emergency department that investigated for pulmonary embolism" ], "must_hold": [ "The physiological change from the embolism is one the watch's sensors register", "The wearer acts on the device rather than waiting for scheduled follow-up" ], "echoes": [] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "Smart wristwatch prompts ED readmission for pulmonary embolism", "metric": null, "comparator": null, "later": { "status": "unknown", "date": null, "note": "The abstract gives no outcome, device name, or later development. No second account is established.", "quote": null, "url": null }, "value": null, "developer_country": null, "deployer_country": null, "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Depth rated 4 for personal on the documented outcome, with the reason stated on each rating.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Accessibility among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Notes about which sources could be read were reworded for readers; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-24", "change": "Consolidated the publisher and Europe PMC abstract into one clinical case report. The publisher full text remains inaccessible, so its references, device mechanism, clinical outcome, and AI contribution have not been verified. The two abstracts are not separate evidence.", "source": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-24", "change": "Clarified that an AI contribution is unconfirmed. Retained the case and its depth assessment, but withheld it from homepage highlights.", "source": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "studied", "shade": "high", "claim_status": "Independently studied", "claim_basis": "Sources: one independent case report. The cited evidence includes no finding by a regulator or court.", "profile": { "case_id": "AIBD-0291", "catalog_version": "1.0.0", "source_fingerprint": "3e92e088cd102fc7f7f7bfe21135e9d3b02cb62c32c19fdc1f2f9d57f6e050b3", "collection_refs": [ { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "snapshot-8bf7cfec9cb185aa" }, { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "2026-10-25" } ], "source_ids": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "families": { "strategic assessments": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "evaluations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "monetary observations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "institutional decisions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] } }, "fields": { "actors[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "developer": "Not stated (the abstract does not name the device's maker)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "actors[].ownership_control": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_contribution": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "category": "benefit created", "ai_role": { "status": "unassessed", "statement": "The abstract is the only available account. It credits a smart wristwatch with prompting the readmission and refers to monitoring and alerts. It does not say what the device measured, whether an automatic alert fired, or what brand or algorithm was involved. The device's contribution cannot be assessed. 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The publisher full text remains inaccessible, so its references, device mechanism, clinical outcome, and AI contribution have not been verified. The two abstracts are not separate evidence.", "source": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-24", "change": "Clarified that an AI contribution is unconfirmed. Retained the case and its depth assessment, but withheld it from homepage highlights.", "source": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "The accessible abstract does not establish that AI contributed to the patient’s care.", "record_fields": [ "revisions" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "reviewed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sector": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "domain": "Healthcare (orthopedic surgery; postoperative monitoring)", "segment": "Consumer wearables" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "domain", "segment" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].access_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].citation_locator": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Drynan D, Leroux TS, Zywiel MG (2021). Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connector 11(2). doi:10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841 (abstract only; full text paywalled).", "title": "Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "date": "2021-06-08", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "prompting a patient readmission to the emergency department" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "Updated the affected fields after reading the original evidence and its source lineage. Other field assessments are preserved.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "sources[].language": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "case report", "citation": "Drynan D, Leroux TS, Zywiel MG (2021). Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connector 11(2). doi:10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841 (abstract only; full text paywalled).", "title": "Acute Postoperative Pulmonary Embolism Detected at Home by a Patient's Personal Activity Monitor: A Case Report", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "date": "2021-06-08", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "prompting a patient readmission to the emergency department" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "Updated the affected fields after reading the original evidence and its source lineage. Other field assessments are preserved.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].upstream_sources": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "origins": [ { "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "url": "https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "relationship": "Original clinical case report by the treating orthopedic team; only its abstract was accessible.", "access_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34101671/", "api_access_url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:34101671&format=json&resultType=core", "review_extent": "Abstract and bibliographic record read. Europe PMC labels full text subscription required." } ], "same_work_access_versions": [ "https://www.ovid.com/10.2106/JBJS.CC.20.00841", "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34101671" ], "limitations": [ "Full text, references, notes, and any supplementary material could not be inspected.", "The abstract does not establish the watch model, algorithm, AI contribution, or eventual clinical outcome." ], "ordering_basis": "One original work remains, cited by its DOI.", "lead_source_ref": "AIBD-0291-source-0001", "retained_source_order": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "Reviewed the original source, embedded references, supplements and related firsthand accounts to the extent documented in the access notes.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "reviewed", "coverage": "partial", "display": { "answer": "Only the abstract was accessible. It does not identify the watch, explain an AI contribution, or describe the patient’s eventual outcome.", "editor_note": "" } }, "strategic_assessments[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "strategic assessments" }, "summary": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "summary": "Toronto Western Hospital orthopedic surgeons report a smart wristwatch prompting ED readmission for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management; details are limited to the abstract.", "account": "Drynan, Leroux and Zywiel reported a case in JBJS Case Connector (volume 11, issue 2, April-June 2021). They are from the Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto. It was published online 8 June 2021. The event date is not available. In the abstract's words, a smart wristwatch prompted a patient's readmission to the emergency department for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management. The abstract adds that constant patient monitoring and alerts are advantages of community-based smart technology. It says that surrounding issues must be considered in implementation. The abstract is the only available account. The patient's age, sex, operation, what the watch measured or alerted, the device's brand, and the clinical outcome are therefore not known." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "Updated the affected fields after reading the original evidence and its source lineage. Other field assessments are preserved.", "record_fields": [ "account" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].autonomy_permissions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].component_role": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].deployment_configuration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].inputs_outputs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_name": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].product_name": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "system": "Smart wristwatch / personal activity monitor (brand, model and alert type not stated in the abstract)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "system" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].provider": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "application_developer": "Not stated (the abstract does not name the device's maker)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "title": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "title": "A smart wristwatch prompts a patient's readmission to the emergency department for investigation and management of a postoperative pulmonary embolism (Toronto, JBJS Case Connector 2021)", "headline": "Smart wristwatch prompts ED readmission for pulmonary embolism" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "title", "headline" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "version": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "3e92e088cd102fc7f7f7bfe21135e9d3b02cb62c32c19fdc1f2f9d57f6e050b3" ], "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "workflow": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "Drynan, Leroux and Zywiel reported a case in JBJS Case Connector (volume 11, issue 2, April-June 2021). They are from the Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto. It was published online 8 June 2021. The event date is not available. In the abstract's words, a smart wristwatch prompted a patient's readmission to the emergency department for postoperative pulmonary embolism investigation and management. The abstract adds that constant patient monitoring and alerts are advantages of community-based smart technology. It says that surrounding issues must be considered in implementation. The abstract is the only available account. The patient's age, sex, operation, what the watch measured or alerted, the device's brand, and the clinical outcome are therefore not known.", "replication": { "produced_by": [ "A postoperative patient at home wearing a personal activity monitor", "The device producing a reading or alert that the patient or family took as a reason to return to hospital. The abstract does not say which.", "An emergency department that investigated for pulmonary embolism" ], "must_hold": [ "The physiological change from the embolism is one the watch's sensors register", "The wearer acts on the device rather than waiting for scheduled follow-up" ], "echoes": [] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "source_review", "basis": "Updated the affected fields after reading the original evidence and its source lineage. Other field assessments are preserved.", "record_fields": [ "account" ], "source_refs": [ "AIBD-0291-source-0001" ], "reviewed_on": "2026-10-24" }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" } }, "summary": { "total": 91, "addressed": 91, "known": 28, "reviewed": 4, "record_mapped": 24, "not_assessed": 63, "complete": false, "by_state": { "value_present": 28, "not_reported": 0, "unresolved": 0, "not_assessed": 63, "not_applicable": 0, "withheld": 0, "source_unavailable": 0 } } } }