{ "id": "AIBD-0255", "title": "LNER's on-train AIVR camera AI flags a minor track fault near Retford a week after a driver-reported defect cost 10,000 delay minutes; overnight repair, zero delay minutes", "summary": "New Civil Engineer (6 Jul 2026) quoting LNER's 9 Apr 2026 announcement: after a January 2026 Cambridgeshire defect caused over 10,000 delay minutes, One Big Circle's AIVR identified a developing fa...", "date_observed": "2026-04-09", "date_basis": "unassessed", "date_precision": "unassessed", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "New Civil Engineer's Tom Pashby reported on 6 Jul 2026. His story was about the system flagging a snake as a track defect on 3 July. LNER runs the Pantograph Damage Assessment System (PANDAS) and One Big Circle's Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) on a number of its trains. They assess overhead line equipment and track and report potential damage to Network Rail. The article reproduces LNER's 9 April 2026 announcement. In January 2026 a train driver in Cambridgeshire reported a track defect. It caused over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations and a full day of disruption. A week later the AIVR system identified a minor fault near Retford with the potential to become a larger issue. Engineers carried out an overnight repair with no delay to passengers and zero delay minutes. An LNER spokesperson said the information is fed back to Network Rail to target areas for attention. A Network Rail spokesperson said the snake would be raised automatically as standard practice. Network Rail's own 2022 story describes AIVR as a phone-sized front-of-train device applying machine learning to video of more than 20,000 miles of track. The exact day of the Retford detection is not given. LNER's announcement itself and later Southeastern and South Western Railway AIVR releases are not among the sources.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "AIVR is built to capture and analyze front-of-train video with machine learning. The aim is to find and fix track and lineside defects before they cause disruption.", "system": "Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) front-of-train camera system with machine-learning analysis", "model_version": null, "developer": "One Big Circle", "deployer": "LNER (on-train cameras), with findings passed to Network Rail", "location": "Retford, United Kingdom", "domain": "Railway safety", "segment": "Track inspection / defect detection", "benefit_type": "Improved Organizational Efficiency", "taxonomy_note": null, "registry_ids": {}, "ratings": [ { "group": "organizational", "depth": 2, "reason": "An overnight planned repair with zero delay minutes. The comparison is a defect the same month that cost over 10,000 delay minutes and a day of disruption." }, { "group": "societal", "depth": 1, "reason": "Passengers were spared delay from this fault. The scale of avoided disruption is not quantified." }, { "group": "personal", "depth": null, "reason": "No individual outcome is documented." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "AIVR's analysis raised the fault report that Network Rail engineers acted on. No human had reported it. Whether the minor fault would have escalated is LNER's claim. Detection rates and false-positive rates are not published." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Pashby T (6 Jul 2026). AI system on LNER train misidentifies snake as track defect. New Civil Engineer.", "title": "AI system on LNER train misidentifies snake as track defect", "url": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/", "date": "2026-07-06", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "a week later, the AIVR system identified a minor fault which had the potential to turn into a larger issue near Retford." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "Network Rail (31 Oct 2022). Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys.", "title": "Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys", "url": "https://www.networkrail.co.uk/stories/future-rail-how-machine-learning-is-improving-your-journeys/", "date": "2022-10-31", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) – developed by Bristol-based tech company One Big Circle – gathers a wide range of data from high-definition video around the railway." } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Front-of-train cameras on scheduled passenger services covering the same track daily", "Machine-learning review that raises possible defects to the infrastructure manager", "A maintenance organization able to schedule overnight possessions" ], "must_hold": [ "Engineers triage AI reports promptly", "False positives (such as the snake) do not swamp the reporting channel", "The fault is visible from a train-mounted camera" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2026-07-03", "setting": "The same AIVR system on an LNER train raised a snake crossing the line as a potential rail defect; Network Rail said raising it automatically was standard practice", "model_version": null, "outcome": "did not recur", "source": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" } ] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "LNER AIVR flags a Retford track fault; overnight fix, zero delay", "metric": "an overnight repair with no delay to passengers and zero delay minutes", "comparator": { "against": "a track defect reported by a train driver a week earlier (January 2026, Cambridgeshire)", "before": "over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations, and led to a full day of disruption for customers", "after": "an overnight repair, with no delay to passengers, and zero delay minutes caused", "basis": "measured", "quote": "In January 2026, a track defect was reported by a train driver in Cambridgeshire which caused over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations, and led to a full day of disruption for customers. However, a week later, the AIVR system identified a minor fault which had the potential to turn into a larger issue near Retford. The report allowed engineers to carry out an overnight repair, with no delay to passengers, and zero delay minutes caused.", "url": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" }, "later": { "status": "persisted", "date": "2026-07-06", "note": "The system was still running on LNER trains in July 2026, when it raised a snake crossing the line as a potential track defect; Network Rail said raising it automatically was standard practice.", "quote": "An artificial intelligence-powered system on an LNER (London North Eastern Railway) train designed to inform LNER and Network Rail about issues on the railway, misidentified a snake as a track defect.", "url": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" }, "value": null, "developer_country": "United Kingdom", "deployer_country": "United Kingdom", "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/; https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://www.onebigcircle.co.uk/contact; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_North_Eastern_Railway", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Notes about which sources could be read were reworded for readers; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "reported", "shade": "medium", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "claim_basis": "Sources: one independent news report and the deployer's press release. 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intelligence-powered system on an LNER (London North Eastern Railway) train designed to inform LNER and Network Rail about issues on the railway, misidentified a snake as a track defect.", "url": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "later" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "human_oversight": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "id": "AIBD-0255" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "id" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" 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His story was about the system flagging a snake as a track defect on 3 July. LNER runs the Pantograph Damage Assessment System (PANDAS) and One Big Circle's Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) on a number of its trains. They assess overhead line equipment and track and report potential damage to Network Rail. The article reproduces LNER's 9 April 2026 announcement. In January 2026 a train driver in Cambridgeshire reported a track defect. It caused over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations and a full day of disruption. A week later the AIVR system identified a minor fault near Retford with the potential to become a larger issue. Engineers carried out an overnight repair with no delay to passengers and zero delay minutes. An LNER spokesperson said the information is fed back to Network Rail to target areas for attention. A Network Rail spokesperson said the snake would be raised automatically as standard practice. Network Rail's own 2022 story describes AIVR as a phone-sized front-of-train device applying machine learning to video of more than 20,000 miles of track. The exact day of the Retford detection is not given. 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Network Rail said raising it automatically was standard practice", "outcome": "did not recur", "source": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" } ] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.conditions": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Front-of-train cameras on scheduled passenger services covering the same track daily", "Machine-learning review that raises possible defects to the infrastructure manager", "A maintenance organization able to schedule overnight possessions" ], "must_hold": [ "Engineers triage AI reports promptly", "False positives (such as the snake) do not swamp the reporting channel", "The fault is visible from a train-mounted camera" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2026-07-03", "setting": "The same AIVR system on an LNER train raised a snake crossing the line as a potential rail defect; 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Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys.", "title": "Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys", "url": "https://www.networkrail.co.uk/stories/future-rail-how-machine-learning-is-improving-your-journeys/", "date": "2022-10-31", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) – developed by Bristol-based tech company One Big Circle – gathers a wide range of data from high-definition video around the railway." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "AIBD-0255-source-0001", "AIBD-0255-source-0002" ], "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "sources[].language": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Pashby T (6 Jul 2026). 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Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys.", "title": "Future Rail – how machine learning is improving your journeys", "url": "https://www.networkrail.co.uk/stories/future-rail-how-machine-learning-is-improving-your-journeys/", "date": "2022-10-31", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) – developed by Bristol-based tech company One Big Circle – gathers a wide range of data from high-definition video around the railway." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].upstream_sources": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "strategic_assessments[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "strategic assessments" }, "summary": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "summary": "New Civil Engineer (6 Jul 2026) quoting LNER's 9 Apr 2026 announcement: after a January 2026 Cambridgeshire defect caused over 10,000 delay minutes, One Big Circle's AIVR identified a developing fa...", "account": "New Civil Engineer's Tom Pashby reported on 6 Jul 2026. His story was about the system flagging a snake as a track defect on 3 July. LNER runs the Pantograph Damage Assessment System (PANDAS) and One Big Circle's Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) on a number of its trains. They assess overhead line equipment and track and report potential damage to Network Rail. The article reproduces LNER's 9 April 2026 announcement. In January 2026 a train driver in Cambridgeshire reported a track defect. It caused over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations and a full day of disruption. A week later the AIVR system identified a minor fault near Retford with the potential to become a larger issue. Engineers carried out an overnight repair with no delay to passengers and zero delay minutes. An LNER spokesperson said the information is fed back to Network Rail to target areas for attention. A Network Rail spokesperson said the snake would be raised automatically as standard practice. Network Rail's own 2022 story describes AIVR as a phone-sized front-of-train device applying machine learning to video of more than 20,000 miles of track. The exact day of the Retford detection is not given. LNER's announcement itself and later Southeastern and South Western Railway AIVR releases are not among the sources." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "summary", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].autonomy_permissions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].component_role": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].deployment_configuration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].inputs_outputs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_name": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].product_name": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "system": "Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) front-of-train camera system with machine-learning analysis" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "system" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].provider": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "application_developer": "One Big Circle" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "title": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "title": "LNER's on-train AIVR camera AI flags a minor track fault near Retford a week after a driver-reported defect cost 10,000 delay minutes; overnight repair, zero delay minutes", "headline": "LNER AIVR flags a Retford track fault; overnight fix, zero delay" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "title", "headline" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "version": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "c075807381a97cbf07f267ea4cf5da92a2d06c318e0f1c74a67f9a0915908db7" ], "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "workflow": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "New Civil Engineer's Tom Pashby reported on 6 Jul 2026. His story was about the system flagging a snake as a track defect on 3 July. LNER runs the Pantograph Damage Assessment System (PANDAS) and One Big Circle's Automated Intelligent Video Review (AIVR) on a number of its trains. They assess overhead line equipment and track and report potential damage to Network Rail. The article reproduces LNER's 9 April 2026 announcement. In January 2026 a train driver in Cambridgeshire reported a track defect. It caused over 10,000 delay minutes, multiple cancellations and a full day of disruption. A week later the AIVR system identified a minor fault near Retford with the potential to become a larger issue. Engineers carried out an overnight repair with no delay to passengers and zero delay minutes. An LNER spokesperson said the information is fed back to Network Rail to target areas for attention. A Network Rail spokesperson said the snake would be raised automatically as standard practice. Network Rail's own 2022 story describes AIVR as a phone-sized front-of-train device applying machine learning to video of more than 20,000 miles of track. The exact day of the Retford detection is not given. LNER's announcement itself and later Southeastern and South Western Railway AIVR releases are not among the sources.", "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Front-of-train cameras on scheduled passenger services covering the same track daily", "Machine-learning review that raises possible defects to the infrastructure manager", "A maintenance organization able to schedule overnight possessions" ], "must_hold": [ "Engineers triage AI reports promptly", "False positives (such as the snake) do not swamp the reporting channel", "The fault is visible from a train-mounted camera" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2026-07-03", "setting": "The same AIVR system on an LNER train raised a snake crossing the line as a potential rail defect; Network Rail said raising it automatically was standard practice", "outcome": "did not recur", "source": "https://www.newcivilengineer.com/latest/ai-system-on-lner-train-misidentifies-snake-as-track-defect-06-07-2026/" } ] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" } }, "summary": { "total": 91, "addressed": 91, "known": 29, "reviewed": 0, "record_mapped": 29, "not_assessed": 62, "complete": false, "by_state": { "value_present": 29, "not_reported": 0, "unresolved": 0, "not_assessed": 62, "not_applicable": 0, "withheld": 0, "source_unavailable": 0 } } } }