{
  "id": "AIBD-0231",
  "title": "Raleigh police use Marinus Analytics' Traffic Jam to link phone numbers and photos across cities in a live trafficking case",
  "summary": "CBN (18 Oct 2017) shows Raleigh PD detectives using Traffic Jam, a CMU-born tool with facial recognition over escort ads, to corroborate a trafficker's movements; outcomes stated only as aggregates.",
  "date_observed": "2017-10-18",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "The case described was ongoing. Major Richard Hoffman of the Raleigh Police Department described Traffic Jam to CBN. It lets investigators link a potential victim to another victim and then to a suspect. Its image search returns historical images tied to the same phone number or similar image. Detective Rob Pereira described pulling a phone number from a Colorado police report into Traffic Jam to see where and when it had been used. This corroborated several victims' accounts of where the trafficker was taking them. Marinus co-founder Cara Jones described the tool as applying artificial intelligence to publicly available ad data. CBN states that Traffic Jam has helped recover hundreds of victims. Futurism (2018) repeats a similar claim from CEO Emily Kennedy with an 88 percent success rate. No individually attributable rescue is documented.",
  "category": "general benefit",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Mine online sex advertisements (text, phone numbers, facial recognition on images) to help law enforcement find trafficking victims and link cases.",
  "system": "Traffic Jam",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Marinus Analytics (origin: Carnegie Mellon University undergraduate project)",
  "deployer": "Raleigh Police Department",
  "location": "Raleigh, United States",
  "domain": "Anti-trafficking",
  "segment": "Government",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "Raleigh PD officials credit faster linkage of victims and suspects, but no case outcome is documented."
    },
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      "group": "personal",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "No individually attributable victim outcome in the sources."
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    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "Named Raleigh officers describe what the tool does for them (phone-number and image linkage across cities). The claims that it has led to hundreds of recoveries come from the vendor, relayed by CBN and Futurism without a documented case."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Caitlin Burke, CBN News, 18 Oct 2017",
      "title": "Creating a 'Traffic Jam' Against Sex Trafficking: This Groundbreaking Tech is a Game-Changer",
      "url": "https://cbn.com/news/us/creating-traffic-jam-against-sex-trafficking-groundbreaking-tech-game-changer",
      "date": "2017-10-18",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "Traffic Jam allows us to look at a potential victim, identify a link to another victim and then by having victims linked, identify a suspect and have a working case,"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Alexandra Ossola, Futurism, 16 Apr 2018",
      "title": "AI Tool Helps Law Enforcement Find Victims of Human Trafficking",
      "url": "https://futurism.com/ai-tool-law-enforcement-stop-human-trafficking",
      "date": "2018-04-16",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "data from Traffic Jam has already led to the rescue of hundreds of victims of human trafficking in the U.S. and Canada."
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "Continuous scraping of escort ads since 2011",
      "Phone-number and image-similarity indexing across cities",
      "Detectives with an existing lead (phone number or photo)"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Ads must remain publicly scrapable (Backpage was shut in 2018)",
      "Agency access and training"
    ],
    "echoes": []
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "Raleigh police use Traffic Jam to link a trafficker's movements",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": null,
  "later": {
    "status": "scaled",
    "date": "2018-04-16",
    "note": "By April 2018 Marinus said Traffic Jam data had led to the rescue of hundreds of victims in the U.S. and Canada and that the software was crawling data from 18 countries.",
    "quote": "The software is now crawling data from 18 countries, she says, and the company will soon expand to the United Kingdom and, soon, beyond.",
    "url": "https://futurism.com/ai-tool-law-enforcement-stop-human-trafficking"
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "United States",
  "deployer_country": "United States",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
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  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what happened since from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://futurism.com/ai-tool-law-enforcement-stop-human-trafficking",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://www.marinusanalytics.com/payment-terms-us; https://raleighnc.gov/police",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
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  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
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        },
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                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
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                "date": "2026-10-21",
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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      "replication.attempts[]": {
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        "coverage": "partial"
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        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "strategic assessments"
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        "review_state": "not_assessed",
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      "systems[].model_name": {
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        "review_state": "not_assessed",
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        "coverage": "complete"
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      "workflow": {
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        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "The case described was ongoing. Major Richard Hoffman of the Raleigh Police Department described Traffic Jam to CBN. It lets investigators link a potential victim to another victim and then to a suspect. Its image search returns historical images tied to the same phone number or similar image. Detective Rob Pereira described pulling a phone number from a Colorado police report into Traffic Jam to see where and when it had been used. This corroborated several victims' accounts of where the trafficker was taking them. Marinus co-founder Cara Jones described the tool as applying artificial intelligence to publicly available ad data. CBN states that Traffic Jam has helped recover hundreds of victims. Futurism (2018) repeats a similar claim from CEO Emily Kennedy with an 88 percent success rate. No individually attributable rescue is documented.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Continuous scraping of escort ads since 2011",
                "Phone-number and image-similarity indexing across cities",
                "Detectives with an existing lead (phone number or photo)"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
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        "review_state": "record_mapped",
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    },
    "summary": {
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      "by_state": {
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        "withheld": 0,
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      }
    }
  }
}