{ "id": "AIBD-0228", "title": "INEC's Automated Biometric Identification System invalidates 2,780,756 ineligible voter registrations (22.6%) before Nigeria's 2023 election", "summary": "INEC chairman Mahmood Yakubu reported on 26 Oct 2022 that ABIS cleaning of 2021–22 registrations identified 2,780,756 (22.6%) double, underage or fake entries, leaving 9,518,188 valid new registrants.", "date_observed": "2022-10-26", "date_basis": "unassessed", "date_precision": "unassessed", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "The date is that of Professor Mahmood Yakubu's address to political parties in Abuja, reproduced by the Nigerian Democratic Report. He said the Continuous Voter Registration data (28 June 2021 to 31 July 2022) was cleaned with the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS). This identified 2,780,756 registrations (22.6%) as ineligible and invalidated them. Among them were double or multiple registrants, underage persons and fake registrations failing INEC's business rules. That left 9,518,188 valid post-ABIS registrations; 23 registration officers were identified for sanctions. On 12 September 2022, INEC commissioner Festus Okoye said 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrants (28 June 2021 to 14 January 2022) were found invalid and delisted. ABIS processing of later registrations was ongoing (Punch). BusinessDay later argued that some fake and underage registrants evaded ABIS and that invalidation rates were regionally lopsided. The vendor of ABIS is not named in the sources.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "De-duplicate and validate biometric voter registrations (fingerprints and faces) to remove double, multiple, underage and fake entries from the national register.", "system": "Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS)", "model_version": null, "developer": "Not named in the sources", "deployer": "Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Nigeria", "location": null, "domain": "Electoral integrity / voter registration", "segment": "Government", "benefit_type": "Reduced Risk", "taxonomy_note": null, "registry_ids": {}, "ratings": [ { "group": "societal", "depth": 3, "reason": "2,780,756 ineligible entries (22.6% of new registrations) were removed from the register used for the 2023 general election, per INEC's chairman. BusinessDay disputes completeness and regional balance." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 2, "reason": "INEC obtained a cleaned register and identified 23 of its own officers for sanctions over multiple registrations." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The figures come from INEC's own statements (the deployer) relayed by two Nigerian outlets, not from an audit. INEC's website could not be searched. ABIS's matching method, error rates and the share of invalidations due to biometrics versus business rules are not stated. BusinessDay's critique (registrants evading ABIS; 49.3% of invalidations from two regions) is included as a limit." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Akindele Orimolade, Nigerian Democratic Report, 26 Oct 2022 (reproducing INEC chairman's address)", "title": "Nigeria’s Voter Register Hits 93.5 million as 12m New Registrants Are Added", "url": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/", "date": "2022-10-26", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "a total of 2,780,756 (22.6%) were identified as ineligible registrants and invalidated from the record" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Donatus Anichukwueze, Punch, 13 Sep 2022", "title": "Double registration: INEC delists 1.1m newly registered voters", "url": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/", "date": "2022-09-13", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "cleaning up of the register of voters using the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) is ongoing" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "BusinessDay, 20 Jan 2023", "title": "Eight questions INEC must answer Before the first ballot is cast", "url": "https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "date": "2023-01-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Yet, those registrants found a way to evade the prying eyes of the ABIS and made it successfully to the voter register." } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Biometric capture (fingerprints, face) at registration with a central de-duplication pass", "Business rules defining ineligible entries applied after matching", "Public display of the register for claims and objections" ], "must_hold": [ "Biometric capture quality adequate for matching", "Independent audit of matching accuracy (absent here)", "Officers unable to bypass capture protocols" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2022-09-12", "setting": "Earlier CVR phase (28 Jun 2021 to 14 Jan 2022): 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrations invalidated", "model_version": null, "outcome": "recurred", "source": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/" } ] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "INEC's ABIS invalidates 2,780,756 ineligible voter registrations", "metric": "2,780,756 registrations (22.6%) were identified as ineligible and invalidated", "comparator": { "against": "the raw Continuous Voter Registration data before ABIS cleaning", "before": "12,298,944 Nigerians successfully completed the registration as new voters", "after": "the number of valid registrations (post-ABIS) is 9,518,188", "basis": "measured", "quote": "After a rigorous cleaning-up of the data using the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS), a total of 2,780,756 (22.6%) were identified as ineligible registrants and invalidated from the record", "url": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/" }, "later": { "status": "reversed", "date": "2023-01-20", "note": "A BusinessDay analysis argued that fake and underage registrants had nonetheless reached the final register and that invalidation rates were lopsided by region, a press critique rather than an official reversal.", "quote": "Yet, those registrants found a way to evade the prying eyes of the ABIS and made it successfully to the voter register.", "url": "https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/" }, "value": null, "developer_country": null, "deployer_country": "Nigeria", "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/; https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Nigeria)", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "reported", "shade": "medium", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "claim_basis": "Sources: three independent news reports. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.", "profile": { "case_id": "AIBD-0228", "catalog_version": "1.0.0", "source_fingerprint": "5a044b42ea970ffac0e746064eb4422c05448688f59ddb7a4c03ba5cbc9d0a68", "collection_refs": [ { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "snapshot-8bf7cfec9cb185aa" }, { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "querist", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "chanticleer", "version": "2026-10-25" } ], "source_ids": [ "AIBD-0228-source-0001", "AIBD-0228-source-0002", "AIBD-0228-source-0003" ], "families": { "strategic assessments": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "evaluations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "monetary observations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "institutional decisions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] } }, "fields": { "actors[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "developer": "Not named in the sources", "deployer": "Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), Nigeria" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "developer", "deployer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "actors[].ownership_control": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_contribution": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The figures come from INEC's own statements (the deployer) relayed by two Nigerian outlets, not from an audit. INEC's website could not be searched. ABIS's matching method, error rates and the share of invalidations due to biometrics versus business rules are not stated. BusinessDay's critique (registrants evading ABIS; 49.3% of invalidations from two regions) is included as a limit." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "category": "benefit created", "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The figures come from INEC's own statements (the deployer) relayed by two Nigerian outlets, not from an audit. INEC's website could not be searched. ABIS's matching method, error rates and the share of invalidations due to biometrics versus business rules are not stated. 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invalidation rates were lopsided by region, a press critique rather than an official reversal.", "quote": "Yet, those registrants found a way to evade the prying eyes of the ABIS and made it successfully to the voter register.", "url": "https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/" } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "later" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "human_oversight": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "id": "AIBD-0228" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "id" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": 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Democratic Report. He said the Continuous Voter Registration data (28 June 2021 to 31 July 2022) was cleaned with the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS). This identified 2,780,756 registrations (22.6%) as ineligible and invalidated them. Among them were double or multiple registrants, underage persons and fake registrations failing INEC's business rules. That left 9,518,188 valid post-ABIS registrations; 23 registration officers were identified for sanctions. On 12 September 2022, INEC commissioner Festus Okoye said 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrants (28 June 2021 to 14 January 2022) were found invalid and delisted. ABIS processing of later registrations was ongoing (Punch). BusinessDay later argued that some fake and underage registrants evaded ABIS and that invalidation rates were regionally lopsided. The vendor of ABIS is not named in the sources.", "benefit_type": "Reduced Risk" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "benefit_type" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].distribution": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].duration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].id": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].stakeholder_group": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "societal", "depth": 3, "reason": "2,780,756 ineligible entries (22.6% of new registrations) were removed from the register used for the 2023 general election, per INEC's chairman. BusinessDay disputes completeness and regional balance." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 2, "reason": "INEC obtained a cleaned register and identified 23 of its own officers for sanctions over multiple registrations." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].status": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].tradeoffs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].unexpected": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "unexpected": false, "purpose": "De-duplicate and validate biometric voter registrations (fingerprints and faces) to remove double, multiple, underage and fake entries from the national register." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; 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https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Nigeria)", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "date_observed", "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.attempts[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Biometric capture (fingerprints, face) at registration with a central de-duplication pass", "Business rules defining ineligible entries applied after matching", "Public display of the register for claims and objections" ], "must_hold": [ "Biometric capture quality adequate for matching", "Independent audit of matching accuracy (absent here)", "Officers unable to bypass capture protocols" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2022-09-12", "setting": "Earlier CVR phase (28 Jun 2021 to 14 Jan 2022): 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrations invalidated", "outcome": "recurred", "source": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/" } ] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.conditions": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Biometric capture (fingerprints, face) at registration with a central de-duplication pass", "Business rules defining ineligible entries applied after matching", "Public display of the register for claims and objections" ], "must_hold": [ "Biometric capture quality adequate for matching", "Independent audit of matching accuracy (absent here)", "Officers unable to bypass capture protocols" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2022-09-12", "setting": "Earlier CVR phase (28 Jun 2021 to 14 Jan 2022): 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrations invalidated", "outcome": "recurred", "source": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/" } ] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "revision_history[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/; https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Nigeria)", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sector": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "domain": "Electoral integrity / voter registration", "segment": "Government" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "domain", "segment" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].access_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].citation_locator": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Akindele Orimolade, Nigerian Democratic Report, 26 Oct 2022 (reproducing INEC chairman's address)", "title": "Nigeria’s Voter Register Hits 93.5 million as 12m New Registrants Are Added", "url": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/", "date": "2022-10-26", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "a total of 2,780,756 (22.6%) were identified as ineligible registrants and invalidated from the record" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Donatus Anichukwueze, Punch, 13 Sep 2022", "title": "Double registration: INEC delists 1.1m newly registered voters", "url": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/", "date": "2022-09-13", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "cleaning up of the register of voters using the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) is ongoing" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "BusinessDay, 20 Jan 2023", "title": "Eight questions INEC must answer Before the first ballot is cast", "url": "https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "date": "2023-01-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Yet, those registrants found a way to evade the prying eyes of the ABIS and made it successfully to the voter register." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "AIBD-0228-source-0001", "AIBD-0228-source-0002", "AIBD-0228-source-0003" ], "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "sources[].language": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Akindele Orimolade, Nigerian Democratic Report, 26 Oct 2022 (reproducing INEC chairman's address)", "title": "Nigeria’s Voter Register Hits 93.5 million as 12m New Registrants Are Added", "url": "https://www.ndr.org.ng/nigerias-voter-register-hits-93-5-million-as-12m-new-registrants-are-added/", "date": "2022-10-26", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "a total of 2,780,756 (22.6%) were identified as ineligible registrants and invalidated from the record" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Donatus Anichukwueze, Punch, 13 Sep 2022", "title": "Double registration: INEC delists 1.1m newly registered voters", "url": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/", "date": "2022-09-13", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "cleaning up of the register of voters using the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) is ongoing" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "BusinessDay, 20 Jan 2023", "title": "Eight questions INEC must answer Before the first ballot is cast", "url": "https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/eight-questions-inec-must-answer-before-the-first-ballot-is-cast/", "date": "2023-01-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Yet, those registrants found a way to evade the prying eyes of the ABIS and made it successfully to the voter register." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].upstream_sources": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "strategic_assessments[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "strategic assessments" }, "summary": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "summary": "INEC chairman Mahmood Yakubu reported on 26 Oct 2022 that ABIS cleaning of 2021–22 registrations identified 2,780,756 (22.6%) double, underage or fake entries, leaving 9,518,188 valid new registrants.", "account": "The date is that of Professor Mahmood Yakubu's address to political parties in Abuja, reproduced by the Nigerian Democratic Report. He said the Continuous Voter Registration data (28 June 2021 to 31 July 2022) was cleaned with the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS). This identified 2,780,756 registrations (22.6%) as ineligible and invalidated them. Among them were double or multiple registrants, underage persons and fake registrations failing INEC's business rules. That left 9,518,188 valid post-ABIS registrations; 23 registration officers were identified for sanctions. On 12 September 2022, INEC commissioner Festus Okoye said 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrants (28 June 2021 to 14 January 2022) were found invalid and delisted. ABIS processing of later registrations was ongoing (Punch). BusinessDay later argued that some fake and underage registrants evaded ABIS and that invalidation rates were regionally lopsided. The vendor of ABIS is not named in the sources." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "summary", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].autonomy_permissions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].component_role": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].deployment_configuration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].inputs_outputs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_name": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].product_name": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "system": "Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "system" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].provider": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "application_developer": "Not named in the sources" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "title": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "title": "INEC's Automated Biometric Identification System invalidates 2,780,756 ineligible voter registrations (22.6%) before Nigeria's 2023 election", "headline": "INEC's ABIS invalidates 2,780,756 ineligible voter registrations" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "title", "headline" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "version": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "5a044b42ea970ffac0e746064eb4422c05448688f59ddb7a4c03ba5cbc9d0a68" ], "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "workflow": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "The date is that of Professor Mahmood Yakubu's address to political parties in Abuja, reproduced by the Nigerian Democratic Report. He said the Continuous Voter Registration data (28 June 2021 to 31 July 2022) was cleaned with the Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS). This identified 2,780,756 registrations (22.6%) as ineligible and invalidated them. Among them were double or multiple registrants, underage persons and fake registrations failing INEC's business rules. That left 9,518,188 valid post-ABIS registrations; 23 registration officers were identified for sanctions. On 12 September 2022, INEC commissioner Festus Okoye said 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrants (28 June 2021 to 14 January 2022) were found invalid and delisted. ABIS processing of later registrations was ongoing (Punch). BusinessDay later argued that some fake and underage registrants evaded ABIS and that invalidation rates were regionally lopsided. The vendor of ABIS is not named in the sources.", "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Biometric capture (fingerprints, face) at registration with a central de-duplication pass", "Business rules defining ineligible entries applied after matching", "Public display of the register for claims and objections" ], "must_hold": [ "Biometric capture quality adequate for matching", "Independent audit of matching accuracy (absent here)", "Officers unable to bypass capture protocols" ], "echoes": [ { "date": "2022-09-12", "setting": "Earlier CVR phase (28 Jun 2021 to 14 Jan 2022): 1,126,359 of 2,523,458 registrations invalidated", "outcome": "recurred", "source": "https://punchng.com/double-registration-inec-delists-1-1m-newly-registered-voters/" } ] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" } }, "summary": { "total": 91, "addressed": 91, "known": 29, "reviewed": 0, "record_mapped": 29, "not_assessed": 62, "complete": false, "by_state": { "value_present": 29, "not_reported": 0, "unresolved": 0, "not_assessed": 62, "not_applicable": 0, "withheld": 0, "source_unavailable": 0 } } } }