{
  "id": "AIBD-0217",
  "title": "Rising Academies' WhatsApp math tutor Rori: school-assigned trial in 11 Ghanaian schools finds a 0.36 effect size over about eight months (arXiv 2024)",
  "summary": "Preprint by Oxford, Rising Academies and J-PAL North America authors: students using Rori one hour a week in study hall gained 0.36 SD more in math (637 baseline, 477 endline) than controls in 2023.",
  "date_observed": "2023-02-01",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "Rori is an AI-powered conversational math tutor on WhatsApp created by Rising Academies, an educational network based in Ghana. Henkel (University of Oxford), Horne-Robinson (Rising Academies), Kozhakhmetova and Lee (J-PAL North America) report a preliminary evaluation in 11 Rising Academies schools in Ghana. Students in grades 3–8 took a 35-question math assessment in early February 2023 (baseline) and late August 2023 (endline). 637 students (336 treatment, 301 control) took the baseline and 477 the endline. Treated students were given a phone for one hour a week during study hall to study math with Rori. Controls continued regular instruction. The May 2024 PDF (v2) reports an effect size of 0.36 (Cohen's d, p < 0.001) and a marginal cost of about $5 per student. The arXiv abstract still describes approximately 1,000 students in grades 3–9, two 30-minute sessions a week over 8 months and an effect size of 0.37. That does not match the v2 body.",
  "category": "general benefit",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Rori was built to give extra math practice and feedback through chat. The math gain is that purpose.",
  "system": "Rori, AI-powered conversational math tutor on WhatsApp",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Rising Academies",
  "deployer": "Rising Academies (11 schools)",
  "location": null,
  "domain": "Education",
  "segment": "Primary and junior-secondary math (chat-based tutoring)",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Learning",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "personal",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "Treated students' math growth exceeded controls' by 0.36 SD (v2 PDF)."
    },
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "The deploying network reports a marginal cost of about $5 per student (v2 PDF)."
    }
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    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "Rori delivered the extra practice hour itself, so the comparison is Rori time versus a normal study hall. The authors call the result preliminary, year 1 only. The vendor co-authored the preprint."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "preprint",
      "citation": "Henkel O, Horne-Robinson H, Kozhakhmetova N, Lee A (2024). Effective and Scalable Math Support: Evidence on the Impact of an AI-Tutor on Math Achievement in Ghana. arXiv:2402.09809 (abstract page; v1 15 Feb 2024, v2 5 May 2024).",
      "title": "Effective and Scalable Math Support: Evidence on the Impact of an AI-Tutor on Math Achievement in Ghana",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09809",
      "date": "2024-02-15",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "We find that the math growth scores were substantially higher for the treatment group with an effect size of 0.37, and that the results were statistically significant (p < 0.001)."
    },
    {
      "kind": "preprint",
      "citation": "Henkel O et al. arXiv:2402.09809v2 PDF (5 May 2024; affiliations Oxford, Rising Academies, J-PAL North America).",
      "title": "Effective and Scalable Math Support: Experimental Evidence on the Impact of an AI- Math Tutor in Ghana (v2 PDF)",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.09809v2",
      "date": "2024-05-05",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The baseline was taken by 637 students in grades 3-8 (336 in Treatment, 301 in Control), of which 477 took the endline and 160 did not."
    },
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "Sawyers C. Evolving Partnerships in Ghana. Rising Academies news, 6 May 2026.",
      "title": "Evolving Partnerships in Ghana",
      "url": "https://www.risingacademies.com/risingnews/deepening-government-partnerships-and-responding-to-demand-in-ghana-1",
      "date": "2026-05-06",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": null
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "A chat tutor that runs on basic phones over low-bandwidth networks",
      "One scheduled hour a week of independent use during study hall with a provided phone",
      "A control group kept on the normal timetable in the same school network"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Phone and WhatsApp access during school time",
      "Schools accustomed to routine testing (the authors cite this against a Hawthorne effect)",
      "Replication outside the Rising Academies network, which the authors say is still needed"
    ],
    "echoes": []
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "Rising Academies' WhatsApp tutor Rori lifts math scores 0.36 SD",
  "metric": "an effect size of 0.36 (Cohen's d, p < 0.001)",
  "comparator": {
    "against": "control-group students at schools without Rori access who continued regular math instruction",
    "before": "control group growth score M = 2.12 (SD = 6.30) between baseline and endline",
    "after": "treatment group growth score M = 5.13 (SD = 7.03), an effect size of 0.36 (Cohen's d)",
    "basis": "measured",
    "quote": "An independent samples t-test between the control (M = 2.12, SD = 6.30) and the treatment group (M = 5.13, SD = 7.03) revealed that the 3.01 difference in growth scores was highly statistically significant (p < 0.001).",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.09809v2"
  },
  "later": {
    "status": "scaled",
    "date": "2026-05-06",
    "note": "By May 2026 Rising Academies was piloting Rori in government schools in Ghana's Eastern Region with World Bank support, had extended the pilot by six months, and was preparing a larger randomized trial in more than 100 public schools from September 2026.",
    "quote": "With World Bank support, Rising is piloting Rori, our AI-enabled virtual maths tutor, in government schools in Ghana’s Eastern Region. Due to strong engagement from schools and stakeholders, the pilot has been extended by six months through the end of the current academic year and will include an evaluation to inform future scale-up.",
    "url": "https://www.risingacademies.com/risingnews/deepening-government-partnerships-and-responding-to-demand-in-ghana-1"
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "Sierra Leone",
  "deployer_country": "Ghana",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
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  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.09809v2; https://www.risingacademies.com/risingnews/deepening-government-partnerships-and-responding-to-demand-in-ghana-1",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://www.risingacademies.com/contactus; https://www.risingacademies.com/contactus",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: account, purpose, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-22",
      "change": "Organization name standardized to Rising Academies.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
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  "confidence": "claimed",
  "shade": "low",
  "claim_status": "The makers' claim",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: two preprints from the makers and the makers' press release. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.",
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