{
  "id": "AIBD-0192",
  "title": "FAO and Penn State launch Nuru, an offline AI app that confirms fall armyworm damage for African farmers",
  "summary": "FAO announced on 25 June 2018 a talking Android app built with PlantVillage to confirm fall armyworm damage offline and feed FAO's FAMEWS; no outcome data in the sources.",
  "date_observed": "2018-06-25",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "On 25 June 2018 FAO announced from Rome that it and Pennsylvania State University had developed and launched Nuru, a talking app using machine learning. It runs offline on a standard Android phone. A farmer holds the phone next to an infested plant and Nuru confirms whether fall armyworm caused the damage. FAO said the pest first appeared in Africa in 2016 and spread across sub-Saharan Africa in 2017. It threatened the food security of more than 300 million people. Nuru was to complement FAO's Fall Armyworm Monitoring and Early Warning System (FAMEWS) app. Data validated by national focal points would flow into a global platform. It was to add Swahili, French and Twi. The New York Times later reported that this fall armyworm tool served as the blueprint for the eLocust3m app of 2020. The cited sources document the launch and design only. No evaluation of accuracy or of any outcome for farmers was found.",
  "category": "general benefit",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Confirm fall armyworm damage on maize from a phone held next to the plant, offline, and feed reports into FAO's FAMEWS monitoring system.",
  "system": "PlantVillage Nuru fall armyworm model (machine learning, offline Android app)",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Pennsylvania State University (PlantVillage) with FAO",
  "deployer": "FAO (Fall Armyworm Monitoring and Early Warning System, FAMEWS) and farmers and extension workers in sub-Saharan Africa",
  "location": null,
  "domain": "Agriculture / pest identification",
  "segment": "Smallholder maize",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Knowledge Discovery",
  "taxonomy_note": "The announcement describes confirming fall armyworm damage, with no outcome documented.",
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
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      "depth": null,
      "reason": "No farmer outcome, accuracy figure or adoption figure appears in the sources."
    },
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": null,
      "reason": "FAO describes the intended data flow into FAMEWS; no result is reported."
    }
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  "ai_role": {
    "status": "unassessed",
    "statement": "Only the launch is documented. FAO, which co-developed the app, wrote the release. No independent evaluation of the fall armyworm model or of any alert that changed a farmer's action was found."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "FAO. Nuru becomes African farmers' newest ally against Fall Armyworm. FAO news, Rome, 25 June 2018.",
      "title": "Nuru becomes African farmers' newest ally against Fall Armyworm",
      "url": "https://www.fao.org/newsroom/detail/Nuru-becomes-African-farmers-newest-ally-against-Fall-Armyworm/en",
      "date": "2018-06-25",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "Nuru is an app that uses cutting-edge technologies involving machine learning and artificial intelligence. It runs inside a standard Android phone and can work also offline."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Nuwer R. As Locusts Swarmed East Africa, This Tech Helped Squash Them. The New York Times, 8 April 2021.",
      "title": "As Locusts Swarmed East Africa, This Tech Helped Squash Them",
      "url": "https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/08/science/locust-swarms-africa.html",
      "date": "2021-04-08",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "He reached out to Dr. Hughes, who had already created a similar mobile tool with the Food and Agriculture Organization to track a devastating crop pest, the fall armyworm"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "citation": "Hughes D. Nuru at 2 weeks. PlantVillage blog, Penn State, 9 July 2018.",
      "title": "Nuru at 2 weeks",
      "url": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/34-nuru-at-2-weeks",
      "date": "2018-07-09",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": null
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "FAO-Penn State collaboration under FAO's five-year fall armyworm program launched October 2017",
      "Android phones able to run the model offline"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Farmers hold the phone next to an infested plant",
      "National focal points validate reports through FAMEWS"
    ],
    "echoes": [
      {
        "date": "2020-02-20",
        "setting": "eLocust3m locust app built by Penn State with FAO in under a month, reusing the fall armyworm app as blueprint",
        "model_version": "eLocust3m",
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "Penn State News, 21 February 2020; The New York Times, 8 April 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "FAO and Penn State launch Nuru to confirm fall armyworm damage",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": null,
  "later": {
    "status": "scaled",
    "date": "2018-07-09",
    "note": "Two weeks after release, PlantVillage reported that Nuru's fall armyworm feature had been used with FAO field offices and farmers in seven African countries.",
    "quote": "So, in these two weeks, we have been testing Nuru with scientists who work in UN FAO field offices in Ethiopia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and with colleagues in Ghana and Burundi. Nuru was also used by farmers in Kenya and Uganda. So, in just two weeks Nuru was used for fall armyworm in 7 African countries!",
    "url": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/34-nuru-at-2-weeks"
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "United States",
  "deployer_country": "Italy",
  "unrated_because": null,
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      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Knowledge Discovery under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Learning among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what happened since from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://plantvillage.psu.edu/blogposts/34-nuru-at-2-weeks",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University; https://www.fao.org/contact-us/en/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
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      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-22",
      "change": "Organization name standardized to FAO.",
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      "editor": "AIBD"
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  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
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            "account": "On 25 June 2018 FAO announced from Rome that it and Pennsylvania State University had developed and launched Nuru, a talking app using machine learning. It runs offline on a standard Android phone. A farmer holds the phone next to an infested plant and Nuru confirms whether fall armyworm caused the damage. FAO said the pest first appeared in Africa in 2016 and spread across sub-Saharan Africa in 2017. It threatened the food security of more than 300 million people. Nuru was to complement FAO's Fall Armyworm Monitoring and Early Warning System (FAMEWS) app. Data validated by national focal points would flow into a global platform. It was to add Swahili, French and Twi. The New York Times later reported that this fall armyworm tool served as the blueprint for the eLocust3m app of 2020. The cited sources document the launch and design only. No evaluation of accuracy or of any outcome for farmers was found.",
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    },
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}