{ "id": "AIBD-0158", "title": "Paul Conyngham uses ChatGPT and AlphaFold to choose targets for a personalized mRNA vaccine that UNSW made for his dog Rosie's mast cell cancer; her largest tumor halved", "summary": "AI-chosen targets, a UNSW-made mRNA vaccine and a checkpoint inhibitor halved Rosie's largest tumor by early 2026; partial, not a cure.", "date_observed": "2026-03-15", "date_basis": "unassessed", "date_precision": "unassessed", "benefit_status": null, "source_collection": null, "source_entry": null, "account": "Paul Conyngham, a Sydney machine-learning engineer, used ChatGPT to plan treatment for his dog Rosie. Rosie is an eight-year-old Staffy-Shar Pei cross with mast cell cancer diagnosed in 2024. He used AlphaFold to model mutated proteins from tumor sequencing he paid $3,000 for at UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics. He chose neoantigen targets and confirmed them “again using AI”. Pall Thordarson's UNSW RNA Institute made the mRNA vaccine in under two months. Rachel Allavena of the University of Queensland injected it at Gatton in December 2025, with a checkpoint inhibitor, and gave a booster in February 2026. The tennis-ball-sized tumor on Rosie's hock halved, and she was chasing rabbits by late January 2026. Some tumors did not respond. By August 2026 the cancer had returned after a later surgery.", "category": "benefit created", "unexpected": false, "purpose": "ChatGPT is a general-purpose assistant and AlphaFold a protein-structure predictor. Conyngham used the first to plan and navigate the veterinary and genomic work. He used the second to model mutated proteins as candidate targets. Both are uses within what each tool was built to do. Neither was built to treat Rosie. The vaccine was designed by Conyngham, made by UNSW and given by a veterinary school. The therapeutic response is a downstream use of the tools rather than their product purpose.", "system": "ChatGPT (OpenAI) and AlphaFold (Google DeepMind), with Grok (xAI) reported for the final mRNA construct, used with Conyngham's own analysis to select tumor neoantigen targets for a personalized mRNA vaccine", "model_version": null, "developer": "OpenAI (ChatGPT); Google DeepMind (AlphaFold); xAI (Grok)", "deployer": "Paul Conyngham (owner), with UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics (sequencing), the UNSW RNA Institute (vaccine manufacture) and the University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science, Gatton (administration)", "location": "Sydney, Australia", "domain": "Veterinary oncology / personalized mRNA vaccine design", "segment": "Companion animal with mast cell cancer", "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health", "taxonomy_note": "The patient is a dog; Trustible's health type is written for people.", "registry_ids": { "oecd_aim": "2026-03-15-f424" }, "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Rosie was given months to live after surgery and chemotherapy. Her largest tumor halved and she regained mobility by late January 2026. Per ABC on 22 June 2026, she was still running and playing. The response was partial and confounded by a checkpoint inhibitor, and her cancer later returned." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 1, "reason": "UNSW's RNA Institute and Ramaciotti Center got what Thordarson called the first personalized cancer vaccine designed for a dog. They describe the case as a milestone. Conyngham's spin-out GAMGEE raised a $4 million seed round in August 2026 on the strength of it." } ], "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The AI tools worked at the design stage. ChatGPT suggested immunotherapy, pointed Conyngham to UNSW's genomics center and helped him plan the analysis. AlphaFold modeled mutated proteins. He says he “confirmed, again using AI, that those targets were good cancer candidates”. Humans sequenced the genome (Martin Smith), made the mRNA and nanoparticles (Pall Thordarson) and injected it (Rachel Allavena). A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time. UNSW says “We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine”. The AI's share of the outcome therefore cannot be isolated. It is a single uncontrolled case, and no outcome data have been published outside interviews and statements." }, "evidence": [ { "kind": "press release", "citation": "Melville, T. / UNSW Sydney (2026). Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog. UNSW Newsroom, 17 March 2026.", "title": "Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog", "url": "https://news.unsw.edu.au/en/meet-the-man-who-designed-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog", "date": "2026-03-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Ma, J. / Fortune (2026). A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog. Fortune, 15 March 2026.", "title": "A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog", "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/03/15/australian-tech-entrepreneur-ai-cancer-vaccine-dog-rosie-unsw-mrna/", "date": "2026-03-15", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie got her first injection of the cancer treatment this past December, then received a booster in February." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bita, N. / The Australian, republished by Stockhead (2026). Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog. Stockhead, 18 March 2026.", "title": "Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog", "url": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/", "date": "2026-03-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Mr Conyngham drove 10 hours with Rosie for her first injection in December, followed by a booster shot last month and another due next week." }, { "kind": "other", "citation": "Stebbing, J. / The Conversation (2026). A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution. The Conversation, 20 March 2026 (academic commentary).", "title": "A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution", "url": "https://theconversation.com/a-man-used-ai-to-help-make-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog-an-oncologist-urges-caution-278735", "date": "2026-03-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "several tumours shrank markedly, her overall tumour burden fell, and her energy and behaviour improved" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Roberts, R. / The Scientist (2026). ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer. The Scientist, online 16 March 2026, June 2026 issue.", "title": "ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer", "url": "https://www.the-scientist.com/chatgpt-and-alphafold-help-design-personalized-vaccine-for-dog-with-cancer-74227", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "it is difficult to disentangle which of the treatments had the greatest effect." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "AFP via Phys.org (2026). One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga. Phys.org, 30 March 2026.", "title": "One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga", "url": "https://phys.org/news/2026-03-dog-chatgpt-australia-ai-vaccine.html", "date": "2026-03-30", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "This was not a clinical trial by any means" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Kim, S. / Newsweek (2026). Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer. Newsweek, 16 March 2026.", "title": "Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer", "url": "https://www.newsweek.com/owner-no-medical-background-invents-cure-dogs-terminal-cancer-11684882", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "And, toward the end of January, she was jumping over a fence to chase a rabbit." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bailey, R. / Reason (2026). Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer. Reason, 19 March 2026.", "title": "Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer", "url": "https://reason.com/2026/03/19/man-successfully-designs-mrna-vaccine-to-treat-his-dogs-cancer/", "date": "2026-03-19", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "If we can do this for a dog, why aren't we rolling this out to all humans with cancer?" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Davis, M. / ABC News (2026). AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care. ABC News, 22 June 2026.", "title": "AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care", "url": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-06-22/australian-dog-cancer-treated-via-mrna-vaccine-and-ai/106692668", "date": "2026-06-22", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "AI did not cure Rosie's cancer, nor did it create or administer the vaccine" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Palmer, A. / Medical Daily (2026). Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million. Medical Daily, 18 August 2026.", "title": "Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million", "url": "https://www.medicaldaily.com/rosie-dog-ai-mrna-cancer-vaccine-gamgee-launch-477500", "date": "2026-08-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie entered remission, but her cancer returned following a later surgery." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "GAMGEE via GlobeNewswire (2026). One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE. GlobeNewswire press release, Sydney, 17 August 2026, as carried by Yahoo Finance.", "title": "One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE", "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "date": "2026-08-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While her story may have ended, her legacy lives on in the work that followed." } ], "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Whole-genome sequencing of tumor and healthy tissue, about 150 billion DNA letters for $3,000, from which neoantigen targets could be chosen with AI help.", "An academic RNA facility, the UNSW RNA Institute, willing to make a custom mRNA vaccine from an owner-designed sequence in under two months.", "A veterinary school with ethics cover and an immunotherapy specialist to administer it, after about three months of ethics paperwork.", "An owner with 17 years of machine-learning experience able to run the process, pay for it and drive ten hours for each dose." ], "must_hold": [ "The response cannot be credited to the vaccine alone. A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time, and UNSW says the split is unknown.", "One uncontrolled animal. Mast cell tumors behave unpredictably, and some of Rosie's tumors did not respond.", "The benefit was time, not cure. The cancer returned after a later surgery, and the company founded on the case wrote in August 2026 that her story may have ended." ], "echoes": [] }, "paired_incident": null, "headline": "ChatGPT and AlphaFold pick vaccine targets; dog's tumor halves", "metric": "halved Rosie's largest tumor by early 2026", "comparator": { "against": "veterinary chemotherapy and surgery given before the vaccine", "before": "slowed but failed to shrink the tumours", "after": "the tennis ball-sized tumour on Rosie’s hock has shrunk in half", "basis": "assumed", "quote": "Heartbroken when his fur-baby was diagnosed with a deadly mast cell cancer in 2024, Mr ­Conyngham threw thousands of dollars at veterinary chemotherapy and surgery, which slowed but failed to shrink the tumours. Now, after treatment with a custom mRNA cancer vaccine over the Christmas break, the tennis ball-sized tumour on Rosie’s hock has shrunk in half, in a recovery that has astounded researchers at the cutting-edge of human cancer treatments.", "url": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/" }, "later": { "status": "reversed", "date": "2026-08-17", "note": "The GAMGEE launch release of 17 August 2026 says Rosie's cancer returned after a later surgery and writes of her in the past tense.", "quote": "Rosie entered remission, but her cancer returned following a later surgery.", "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html" }, "value": null, "developer_country": "United States", "deployer_country": null, "unrated_because": null, "brief_notes": null, "brief": null, "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and eleven sources on file: UNSW's newsroom story of 17 March 2026, The Australian's report by Natasha Bita as republished by Stockhead, Fortune, The Conversation (Justin Stebbing, Anglia Ruskin University), The Scientist, AFP via Phys.org, Newsweek, Reason, ABC News of 22 June 2026, Medical Daily of 18 August 2026 and GAMGEE's GlobeNewswire release, marked written by the makers because the company was founded by Conyngham on this case. Kept at benefit created or restored: a therapeutic response for one identifiable animal and her owner, not a prevented specified harm; the Monitor labels it an incident with harm type health impact. Dates: the first injection was in December 2025 and the booster in February 2026 per The Australian (“last month” in a piece dated 18 March) and Fortune; Medical Daily says “the following month”; no source gives a day, so, as for AIBD-0052, the Monitor's date, which is Fortune's report date, is used. Outcome figures differ by speaker: Allavena “probably halved” for the hock tumor; Conyngham “about 75 percent of the cancer” on Today; UNSW “partial response”. A checkpoint inhibitor was given with the vaccine (UNSW, The Scientist, AFP), which is why the system's part says the split is unknown. WinBuzzer's “December 2024” is contradicted by every other source and not used. The Australian (the original of 13 March and a 26 June 2026 piece whose headline in a Google News feed reads “Rescue dog dies after owner's pioneering AI cancer fight”), The Verge, news.com.au, Daily Mail and NY Post could not be read; the death is therefore not asserted in the account, which records the relapse reported by Medical Daily and GAMGEE. The WebSearch budget was exhausted, so sources were found through the Monitor's link list and Google and Bing news feeds.", "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2026-03-15-f424", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/; https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAI", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "source": null, "editor": "AIBD" } ], "confidence": "reported", "shade": "medium", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "claim_basis": "Sources: eight independent news reports, one other independent source and two press releases from the deployer. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.", "profile": { "case_id": "AIBD-0158", "catalog_version": "1.0.0", "source_fingerprint": "1a21cd2cdf56ace508c40de6d3b87e3a17d0d57899f0cfcce9bb7c49722ccd36", "collection_refs": [ { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "snapshot-8bf7cfec9cb185aa" }, { "collection_id": "aibd", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "querist", "version": "2026-10-25" }, { "collection_id": "viator", "version": "2026-10-25" } ], "source_ids": [ "AIBD-0158-source-0001", "AIBD-0158-source-0002", "AIBD-0158-source-0003", "AIBD-0158-source-0004", "AIBD-0158-source-0005", "AIBD-0158-source-0006", "AIBD-0158-source-0007", "AIBD-0158-source-0008", "AIBD-0158-source-0009", "AIBD-0158-source-0010", "AIBD-0158-source-0011" ], "families": { "strategic assessments": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "evaluations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "monetary observations": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] }, "institutional decisions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "record_ids": [] } }, "fields": { "actors[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "developer": "OpenAI (ChatGPT); Google DeepMind (AlphaFold); xAI (Grok)", "deployer": "Paul Conyngham (owner), with UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics (sequencing), the UNSW RNA Institute (vaccine manufacture) and the University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science, Gatton (administration)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "developer", "deployer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "actors[].ownership_control": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "ai_contribution": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The AI tools worked at the design stage. ChatGPT suggested immunotherapy, pointed Conyngham to UNSW's genomics center and helped him plan the analysis. AlphaFold modeled mutated proteins. He says he “confirmed, again using AI, that those targets were good cancer candidates”. Humans sequenced the genome (Martin Smith), made the mRNA and nanoparticles (Pall Thordarson) and injected it (Rachel Allavena). A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time. UNSW says “We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine”. The AI's share of the outcome therefore cannot be isolated. It is a single uncontrolled case, and no outcome data have been published outside interviews and statements." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial", "display": { "answer": "Conyngham used ChatGPT to plan the investigation and AlphaFold to model mutated proteins when selecting targets for a personalized cancer vaccine for his dog. Grok was also reported as assisting with the final mRNA construct.", "editor_note": "" } }, "ai_relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "category": "benefit created", "ai_role": { "status": "assessed", "statement": "The AI tools worked at the design stage. ChatGPT suggested immunotherapy, pointed Conyngham to UNSW's genomics center and helped him plan the analysis. AlphaFold modeled mutated proteins. He says he “confirmed, again using AI, that those targets were good cancer candidates”. Humans sequenced the genome (Martin Smith), made the mRNA and nanoparticles (Pall Thordarson) and injected it (Rachel Allavena). A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time. UNSW says “We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine”. The AI's share of the outcome therefore cannot be isolated. It is a single uncontrolled case, and no outcome data have been published outside interviews and statements." } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role", "category" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].alternatives": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].assessor_date": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].depth": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Rosie was given months to live after surgery and chemotherapy. Her largest tumor halved and she regained mobility by late January 2026. Per ABC on 22 June 2026, she was still running and playing. The response was partial and confounded by a checkpoint inhibitor, and her cancer later returned." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 1, "reason": "UNSW's RNA Institute and Ramaciotti Center got what Thordarson called the first personalized cancer vaccine designed for a dog. They describe the case as a milestone. Conyngham's spin-out GAMGEE raised a $4 million seed round in August 2026 on the strength of it." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].display_confidence": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "confidence": "medium", "evidence_word": "reported", "claim_status": "Independently reported", "basis": "Sources: eight independent news reports, one other independent source and two press releases from the deployer. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.", "interpretation": "Existing display rule preserved; the richer outcome-specific confidence question still needs review." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Derived from the existing case display properties; not a new evidentiary judgment.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].rationale": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Rosie was given months to live after surgery and chemotherapy. Her largest tumor halved and she regained mobility by late January 2026. Per ABC on 22 June 2026, she was still running and playing. The response was partial and confounded by a checkpoint inhibitor, and her cancer later returned." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 1, "reason": "UNSW's RNA Institute and Ramaciotti Center got what Thordarson called the first personalized cancer vaccine designed for a dog. They describe the case as a milestone. Conyngham's spin-out GAMGEE raised a $4 million seed round in August 2026 on the strength of it." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].rubric_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].status_basis": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "assessments[].target": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Rosie was given months to live after surgery and chemotherapy. Her largest tumor halved and she regained mobility by late January 2026. Per ABC on 22 June 2026, she was still running and playing. The response was partial and confounded by a checkpoint inhibitor, and her cancer later returned." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 1, "reason": "UNSW's RNA Institute and Ramaciotti Center got what Thordarson called the first personalized cancer vaccine designed for a dog. They describe the case as a milestone. Conyngham's spin-out GAMGEE raised a $4 million seed round in August 2026 on the strength of it." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "availability": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "brief": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "case_kind": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "case_links[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "claims[].evidence_links": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "claims[].evidence_strength": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "claims[].missingness": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "claims[].proposition": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "cross_border_flows[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "decisions[].action_outcome": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "institutional decisions" }, "decisions[].grounds": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "institutional decisions" }, "decisions[].institution_task": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "institutional decisions" }, "decisions[].success_criterion": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "institutional decisions" }, "deployment_stage": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "economics[].amount": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].costs[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].counterfactual": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].currency_price_basis": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].gross_net": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].measure_type": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].period_unit": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].realization": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].recipient_payer": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].return_payback": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "economics[].valuation_method": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "monetary observations" }, "evaluations[].ai_uplift": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].comparator": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].design": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].effect": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].exposure": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].id": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].measurement_method": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].metric": { "state": "not_assessed", "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "metric" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations", "display": { "answer": "halved Rosie's largest tumor by early 2026", "editor_note": "" } }, "evaluations[].reproduction_materials": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].setting_sample": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations" }, "evaluations[].uncertainty_limitations": { "state": "not_assessed", "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "evaluations", "display": { "answer": "The dog received a checkpoint inhibitor alongside the vaccine. UNSW said that the contribution of each treatment was unknown. The uncontrolled account does not isolate AI’s contribution, and the reported results come from interviews and statements.", "editor_note": "" } }, "external_references[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "registry_ids": { "oecd_aim": "2026-03-15-f424" } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "registry_ids" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "follow_up[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "later": { "status": "reversed", "date": "2026-08-17", "note": "The GAMGEE launch release of 17 August 2026 says Rosie's cancer returned after a later surgery and writes of her in the past tense.", "quote": "Rosie entered remission, but her cancer returned following a later surgery.", "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html" } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "later" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "human_oversight": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "text", "text": "Researchers sequenced the tumor and manufactured the vaccine. A veterinarian administered the treatment." }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "ai_role", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "id": "AIBD-0158" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "id" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "infrastructure_dependencies[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].beneficiaries": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].beneficiary_count": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].benefit_type": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health", "taxonomy_note": "The patient is a dog; Trustible's health type is written for people." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "benefit_type", "taxonomy_note" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].claim": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "Paul Conyngham, a Sydney machine-learning engineer, used ChatGPT to plan treatment for his dog Rosie. Rosie is an eight-year-old Staffy-Shar Pei cross with mast cell cancer diagnosed in 2024. He used AlphaFold to model mutated proteins from tumor sequencing he paid $3,000 for at UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics. He chose neoantigen targets and confirmed them “again using AI”. Pall Thordarson's UNSW RNA Institute made the mRNA vaccine in under two months. Rachel Allavena of the University of Queensland injected it at Gatton in December 2025, with a checkpoint inhibitor, and gave a booster in February 2026. The tennis-ball-sized tumor on Rosie's hock halved, and she was chasing rabbits by late January 2026. Some tumors did not respond. By August 2026 the cancer had returned after a later surgery.", "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "benefit_type" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].distribution": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].duration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].id": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].stakeholder_group": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "ratings": [ { "group": "personal", "depth": 2, "reason": "Rosie was given months to live after surgery and chemotherapy. Her largest tumor halved and she regained mobility by late January 2026. Per ABC on 22 June 2026, she was still running and playing. The response was partial and confounded by a checkpoint inhibitor, and her cancer later returned." }, { "group": "organizational", "depth": 1, "reason": "UNSW's RNA Institute and Ramaciotti Center got what Thordarson called the first personalized cancer vaccine designed for a dog. They describe the case as a milestone. Conyngham's spin-out GAMGEE raised a $4 million seed round in August 2026 on the strength of it." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "ratings" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].status": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].tradeoffs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "outcomes[].unexpected": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "unexpected": false, "purpose": "ChatGPT is a general-purpose assistant and AlphaFold a protein-structure predictor. Conyngham used the first to plan and navigate the veterinary and genomic work. He used the second to model mutated proteins as candidate targets. Both are uses within what each tool was built to do. Neither was built to treat Rosie. The vaccine was designed by Conyngham, made by UNSW and given by a veterinary school. The therapeutic response is a downstream use of the tools rather than their product purpose." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "unexpected", "purpose" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "places[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "location": "Sydney, Australia", "developer_country": "United States" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "location", "developer_country" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "purpose": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "purpose": "ChatGPT is a general-purpose assistant and AlphaFold a protein-structure predictor. Conyngham used the first to plan and navigate the veterinary and genomic work. He used the second to model mutated proteins as candidate targets. Both are uses within what each tool was built to do. Neither was built to treat Rosie. The vaccine was designed by Conyngham, made by UNSW and given by a veterinary school. The therapeutic response is a downstream use of the tools rather than their product purpose." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "purpose" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "record_dates": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "date_observed": "2026-03-15", "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and eleven sources on file: UNSW's newsroom story of 17 March 2026, The Australian's report by Natasha Bita as republished by Stockhead, Fortune, The Conversation (Justin Stebbing, Anglia Ruskin University), The Scientist, AFP via Phys.org, Newsweek, Reason, ABC News of 22 June 2026, Medical Daily of 18 August 2026 and GAMGEE's GlobeNewswire release, marked written by the makers because the company was founded by Conyngham on this case. Kept at benefit created or restored: a therapeutic response for one identifiable animal and her owner, not a prevented specified harm; the Monitor labels it an incident with harm type health impact. Dates: the first injection was in December 2025 and the booster in February 2026 per The Australian (“last month” in a piece dated 18 March) and Fortune; Medical Daily says “the following month”; no source gives a day, so, as for AIBD-0052, the Monitor's date, which is Fortune's report date, is used. Outcome figures differ by speaker: Allavena “probably halved” for the hock tumor; Conyngham “about 75 percent of the cancer” on Today; UNSW “partial response”. A checkpoint inhibitor was given with the vaccine (UNSW, The Scientist, AFP), which is why the system's part says the split is unknown. WinBuzzer's “December 2024” is contradicted by every other source and not used. The Australian (the original of 13 March and a 26 June 2026 piece whose headline in a Google News feed reads “Rescue dog dies after owner's pioneering AI cancer fight”), The Verge, news.com.au, Daily Mail and NY Post could not be read; the death is therefore not asserted in the account, which records the relapse reported by Medical Daily and GAMGEE. The WebSearch budget was exhausted, so sources were found through the Monitor's link list and Google and Bing news feeds.", "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2026-03-15-f424", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/; https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAI", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "date_observed", "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.attempts[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "replication.conditions": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Whole-genome sequencing of tumor and healthy tissue, about 150 billion DNA letters for $3,000, from which neoantigen targets could be chosen with AI help.", "An academic RNA facility, the UNSW RNA Institute, willing to make a custom mRNA vaccine from an owner-designed sequence in under two months.", "A veterinary school with ethics cover and an immunotherapy specialist to administer it, after about three months of ethics paperwork.", "An owner with 17 years of machine-learning experience able to run the process, pay for it and drive ten hours for each dose." ], "must_hold": [ "The response cannot be credited to the vaccine alone. A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time, and UNSW says the split is unknown.", "One uncontrolled animal. Mast cell tumors behave unpredictably, and some of Rosie's tumors did not respond.", "The benefit was time, not cure. The cancer returned after a later surgery, and the company founded on the case wrote in August 2026 that her story may have ended." ], "echoes": [] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "revision_history[]": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "revisions": [ { "date": "2026-10-20", "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and eleven sources on file: UNSW's newsroom story of 17 March 2026, The Australian's report by Natasha Bita as republished by Stockhead, Fortune, The Conversation (Justin Stebbing, Anglia Ruskin University), The Scientist, AFP via Phys.org, Newsweek, Reason, ABC News of 22 June 2026, Medical Daily of 18 August 2026 and GAMGEE's GlobeNewswire release, marked written by the makers because the company was founded by Conyngham on this case. Kept at benefit created or restored: a therapeutic response for one identifiable animal and her owner, not a prevented specified harm; the Monitor labels it an incident with harm type health impact. Dates: the first injection was in December 2025 and the booster in February 2026 per The Australian (“last month” in a piece dated 18 March) and Fortune; Medical Daily says “the following month”; no source gives a day, so, as for AIBD-0052, the Monitor's date, which is Fortune's report date, is used. Outcome figures differ by speaker: Allavena “probably halved” for the hock tumor; Conyngham “about 75 percent of the cancer” on Today; UNSW “partial response”. A checkpoint inhibitor was given with the vaccine (UNSW, The Scientist, AFP), which is why the system's part says the split is unknown. WinBuzzer's “December 2024” is contradicted by every other source and not used. The Australian (the original of 13 March and a 26 June 2026 piece whose headline in a Google News feed reads “Rescue dog dies after owner's pioneering AI cancer fight”), The Verge, news.com.au, Daily Mail and NY Post could not be read; the death is therefore not asserted in the account, which records the relapse reported by Medical Daily and GAMGEE. The WebSearch budget was exhausted, so sources were found through the Monitor's link list and Google and Bing news feeds.", "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2026-03-15-f424", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Knowledge Discovery among the six first used.", "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.", "source": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/; https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Country of the developer added from the organization's own site or a registry.", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAI", "editor": "AIBD" }, { "date": "2026-10-21", "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.", "editor": "AIBD" } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "revisions" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sector": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "domain": "Veterinary oncology / personalized mRNA vaccine design", "segment": "Companion animal with mast cell cancer" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "domain", "segment" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].access_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].citation_locator": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "press release", "citation": "Melville, T. / UNSW Sydney (2026). Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog. UNSW Newsroom, 17 March 2026.", "title": "Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog", "url": "https://news.unsw.edu.au/en/meet-the-man-who-designed-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog", "date": "2026-03-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Ma, J. / Fortune (2026). A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog. Fortune, 15 March 2026.", "title": "A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog", "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/03/15/australian-tech-entrepreneur-ai-cancer-vaccine-dog-rosie-unsw-mrna/", "date": "2026-03-15", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie got her first injection of the cancer treatment this past December, then received a booster in February." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bita, N. / The Australian, republished by Stockhead (2026). Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog. Stockhead, 18 March 2026.", "title": "Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog", "url": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/", "date": "2026-03-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Mr Conyngham drove 10 hours with Rosie for her first injection in December, followed by a booster shot last month and another due next week." }, { "kind": "other", "citation": "Stebbing, J. / The Conversation (2026). A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution. The Conversation, 20 March 2026 (academic commentary).", "title": "A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution", "url": "https://theconversation.com/a-man-used-ai-to-help-make-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog-an-oncologist-urges-caution-278735", "date": "2026-03-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "several tumours shrank markedly, her overall tumour burden fell, and her energy and behaviour improved" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Roberts, R. / The Scientist (2026). ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer. The Scientist, online 16 March 2026, June 2026 issue.", "title": "ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer", "url": "https://www.the-scientist.com/chatgpt-and-alphafold-help-design-personalized-vaccine-for-dog-with-cancer-74227", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "it is difficult to disentangle which of the treatments had the greatest effect." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "AFP via Phys.org (2026). One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga. Phys.org, 30 March 2026.", "title": "One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga", "url": "https://phys.org/news/2026-03-dog-chatgpt-australia-ai-vaccine.html", "date": "2026-03-30", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "This was not a clinical trial by any means" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Kim, S. / Newsweek (2026). Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer. Newsweek, 16 March 2026.", "title": "Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer", "url": "https://www.newsweek.com/owner-no-medical-background-invents-cure-dogs-terminal-cancer-11684882", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "And, toward the end of January, she was jumping over a fence to chase a rabbit." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bailey, R. / Reason (2026). Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer. Reason, 19 March 2026.", "title": "Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer", "url": "https://reason.com/2026/03/19/man-successfully-designs-mrna-vaccine-to-treat-his-dogs-cancer/", "date": "2026-03-19", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "If we can do this for a dog, why aren't we rolling this out to all humans with cancer?" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Davis, M. / ABC News (2026). AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care. ABC News, 22 June 2026.", "title": "AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care", "url": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-06-22/australian-dog-cancer-treated-via-mrna-vaccine-and-ai/106692668", "date": "2026-06-22", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "AI did not cure Rosie's cancer, nor did it create or administer the vaccine" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Palmer, A. / Medical Daily (2026). Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million. Medical Daily, 18 August 2026.", "title": "Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million", "url": "https://www.medicaldaily.com/rosie-dog-ai-mrna-cancer-vaccine-gamgee-launch-477500", "date": "2026-08-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie entered remission, but her cancer returned following a later surgery." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "GAMGEE via GlobeNewswire (2026). One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE. GlobeNewswire press release, Sydney, 17 August 2026, as carried by Yahoo Finance.", "title": "One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE", "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "date": "2026-08-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While her story may have ended, her legacy lives on in the work that followed." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].id": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "AIBD-0158-source-0001", "AIBD-0158-source-0002", "AIBD-0158-source-0003", "AIBD-0158-source-0004", "AIBD-0158-source-0005", "AIBD-0158-source-0006", "AIBD-0158-source-0007", "AIBD-0158-source-0008", "AIBD-0158-source-0009", "AIBD-0158-source-0010", "AIBD-0158-source-0011" ], "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "sources[].language": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].relationship": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "evidence": [ { "kind": "press release", "citation": "Melville, T. / UNSW Sydney (2026). Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog. UNSW Newsroom, 17 March 2026.", "title": "Meet the man who designed a cancer vaccine for his dog", "url": "https://news.unsw.edu.au/en/meet-the-man-who-designed-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog", "date": "2026-03-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "We don't know how much of the response came from the checkpoint inhibitor and how much from the mRNA vaccine." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Ma, J. / Fortune (2026). A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog. Fortune, 15 March 2026.", "title": "A tech entrepreneur used AI to help create the first-ever bespoke cancer vaccine for a dog", "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/03/15/australian-tech-entrepreneur-ai-cancer-vaccine-dog-rosie-unsw-mrna/", "date": "2026-03-15", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie got her first injection of the cancer treatment this past December, then received a booster in February." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bita, N. / The Australian, republished by Stockhead (2026). Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog. Stockhead, 18 March 2026.", "title": "Tech boss uses AI and ChatGPT to create cancer vaccine for his dying dog", "url": "https://stockhead.com.au/tech/tech-boss-uses-ai-and-chatgpt-to-create-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dying-dog/", "date": "2026-03-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Mr Conyngham drove 10 hours with Rosie for her first injection in December, followed by a booster shot last month and another due next week." }, { "kind": "other", "citation": "Stebbing, J. / The Conversation (2026). A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution. The Conversation, 20 March 2026 (academic commentary).", "title": "A man used AI to help make a cancer vaccine for his dog – an oncologist urges caution", "url": "https://theconversation.com/a-man-used-ai-to-help-make-a-cancer-vaccine-for-his-dog-an-oncologist-urges-caution-278735", "date": "2026-03-20", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "several tumours shrank markedly, her overall tumour burden fell, and her energy and behaviour improved" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Roberts, R. / The Scientist (2026). ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer. The Scientist, online 16 March 2026, June 2026 issue.", "title": "ChatGPT and AlphaFold Help Design Personalized Vaccine for Dog with Cancer", "url": "https://www.the-scientist.com/chatgpt-and-alphafold-help-design-personalized-vaccine-for-dog-with-cancer-74227", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "it is difficult to disentangle which of the treatments had the greatest effect." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "AFP via Phys.org (2026). One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga. Phys.org, 30 March 2026.", "title": "One man, his dog, and ChatGPT: Australia's AI vaccine saga", "url": "https://phys.org/news/2026-03-dog-chatgpt-australia-ai-vaccine.html", "date": "2026-03-30", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "This was not a clinical trial by any means" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Kim, S. / Newsweek (2026). Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer. Newsweek, 16 March 2026.", "title": "Owner With No Medical Background Invents Cure for Dog's Terminal Cancer", "url": "https://www.newsweek.com/owner-no-medical-background-invents-cure-dogs-terminal-cancer-11684882", "date": "2026-03-16", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "And, toward the end of January, she was jumping over a fence to chase a rabbit." }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Bailey, R. / Reason (2026). Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer. Reason, 19 March 2026.", "title": "Man Successfully Designs mRNA Vaccine To Treat His Dog's Cancer", "url": "https://reason.com/2026/03/19/man-successfully-designs-mrna-vaccine-to-treat-his-dogs-cancer/", "date": "2026-03-19", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "If we can do this for a dog, why aren't we rolling this out to all humans with cancer?" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Davis, M. / ABC News (2026). AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care. ABC News, 22 June 2026.", "title": "AI designs cancer vaccine for dog but scientists says red tape a barrier for human care", "url": "https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-06-22/australian-dog-cancer-treated-via-mrna-vaccine-and-ai/106692668", "date": "2026-06-22", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "AI did not cure Rosie's cancer, nor did it create or administer the vaccine" }, { "kind": "news report", "citation": "Palmer, A. / Medical Daily (2026). Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million. Medical Daily, 18 August 2026.", "title": "Rosie's Cancer Came Back After Her AI-Designed Vaccine, and Her Owner Just Raised $4 Million", "url": "https://www.medicaldaily.com/rosie-dog-ai-mrna-cancer-vaccine-gamgee-launch-477500", "date": "2026-08-18", "written_by": "independent", "quote": "Rosie entered remission, but her cancer returned following a later surgery." }, { "kind": "press release", "citation": "GAMGEE via GlobeNewswire (2026). One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE. GlobeNewswire press release, Sydney, 17 August 2026, as carried by Yahoo Finance.", "title": "One Dog's Legacy Becomes GAMGEE", "url": "https://finance.yahoo.com/healthcare/articles/one-dogs-legacy-becomes-gamgee-190000768.html", "date": "2026-08-17", "written_by": "deployer", "quote": "While her story may have ended, her legacy lives on in the work that followed." } ] } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "evidence" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "sources[].upstream_sources": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "strategic_assessments[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial", "family": "strategic assessments" }, "summary": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "summary": "AI-chosen targets, a UNSW-made mRNA vaccine and a checkpoint inhibitor halved Rosie's largest tumor by early 2026; partial, not a cure.", "account": "Paul Conyngham, a Sydney machine-learning engineer, used ChatGPT to plan treatment for his dog Rosie. Rosie is an eight-year-old Staffy-Shar Pei cross with mast cell cancer diagnosed in 2024. He used AlphaFold to model mutated proteins from tumor sequencing he paid $3,000 for at UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics. He chose neoantigen targets and confirmed them “again using AI”. Pall Thordarson's UNSW RNA Institute made the mRNA vaccine in under two months. Rachel Allavena of the University of Queensland injected it at Gatton in December 2025, with a checkpoint inhibitor, and gave a booster in February 2026. The tennis-ball-sized tumor on Rosie's hock halved, and she was chasing rabbits by late January 2026. Some tumors did not respond. By August 2026 the cancer had returned after a later surgery." } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "summary", "account" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].autonomy_permissions": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].component_role": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].deployment_configuration": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].inputs_outputs": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_name": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].model_version": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].product_name": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "system": "ChatGPT (OpenAI) and AlphaFold (Google DeepMind), with Grok (xAI) reported for the final mRNA construct, used with Conyngham's own analysis to select tumor neoantigen targets for a personalized mRNA vaccine" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "system" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "systems[].provider": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "structured", "data": { "application_developer": "OpenAI (ChatGPT); Google DeepMind (AlphaFold); xAI (Grok)" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.", "record_fields": [ "developer" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": { "state": "not_assessed", "review_state": "not_assessed", "coverage": "partial" }, "title": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "title": "Paul Conyngham uses ChatGPT and AlphaFold to choose targets for a personalized mRNA vaccine that UNSW made for his dog Rosie's mast cell cancer; her largest tumor halved", "headline": "ChatGPT and AlphaFold pick vaccine targets; dog's tumor halves" } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "title", "headline" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" }, "version": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "identifiers", "identifiers": [ "1a21cd2cdf56ace508c40de6d3b87e3a17d0d57899f0cfcce9bb7c49722ccd36" ], "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data" }, "provenance": { "kind": "curatorial", "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.", "record_fields": [], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "complete" }, "workflow": { "state": "value_present", "value": { "kind": "record_fields", "fields": { "account": "Paul Conyngham, a Sydney machine-learning engineer, used ChatGPT to plan treatment for his dog Rosie. Rosie is an eight-year-old Staffy-Shar Pei cross with mast cell cancer diagnosed in 2024. He used AlphaFold to model mutated proteins from tumor sequencing he paid $3,000 for at UNSW's Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics. He chose neoantigen targets and confirmed them “again using AI”. Pall Thordarson's UNSW RNA Institute made the mRNA vaccine in under two months. Rachel Allavena of the University of Queensland injected it at Gatton in December 2025, with a checkpoint inhibitor, and gave a booster in February 2026. The tennis-ball-sized tumor on Rosie's hock halved, and she was chasing rabbits by late January 2026. Some tumors did not respond. By August 2026 the cancer had returned after a later surgery.", "replication": { "produced_by": [ "Whole-genome sequencing of tumor and healthy tissue, about 150 billion DNA letters for $3,000, from which neoantigen targets could be chosen with AI help.", "An academic RNA facility, the UNSW RNA Institute, willing to make a custom mRNA vaccine from an owner-designed sequence in under two months.", "A veterinary school with ethics cover and an immunotherapy specialist to administer it, after about three months of ethics paperwork.", "An owner with 17 years of machine-learning experience able to run the process, pay for it and drive ten hours for each dose." ], "must_hold": [ "The response cannot be credited to the vaccine alone. A checkpoint inhibitor was given at the same time, and UNSW says the split is unknown.", "One uncontrolled animal. Mast cell tumors behave unpredictably, and some of Rosie's tumors did not respond.", "The benefit was time, not cure. The cancer returned after a later surgery, and the company founded on the case wrote in August 2026 that her story may have ended." ], "echoes": [] } } }, "provenance": { "kind": "legacy_record", "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.", "record_fields": [ "account", "replication" ], "source_refs": [] }, "review_state": "record_mapped", "coverage": "partial" } }, "summary": { "total": 91, "addressed": 91, "known": 30, "reviewed": 0, "record_mapped": 30, "not_assessed": 61, "complete": false, "by_state": { "value_present": 30, "not_reported": 0, "unresolved": 0, "not_assessed": 61, "not_applicable": 0, "withheld": 0, "source_unavailable": 0 } } } }