{
  "id": "AIBD-0130",
  "title": "Google's Android Earthquake Alerts reached phones in Crete and the Dodecanese seconds before the 14 May 2025 M6.0 (Greek press 6.1) Kasos quake",
  "summary": "Android users in Crete and the Dodecanese got Google's quake alert seconds before the M6.0 (Greek press 6.1) Kasos quake of 14 May 2025.",
  "date_observed": "2025-05-14",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "At 01:51 local time on Wednesday 14 May 2025 (22:51 UTC on 13 May) a magnitude 6.0 (USGS; Greek outlets 6.1) earthquake struck. It struck 20 km south-south-east of Fry on Kasos, between Kasos and Karpathos, at 76 km depth. USGS logged 931 felt reports and a green alert level. Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress reported on 14 and 15 May on Google's Android Earthquake Alerts System. In Europe it detects quakes from phone accelerometers rather than seismographs. It notified users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away seconds before the shaking. Notice came by message and an audible signal similar to the 112 alert. None of the reports names a recipient, gives a lead time in seconds, or mentions damage or injuries.",
  "category": "protective response",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Built to detect earthquakes from the accelerometers of Android phones and combine the signals on Google's servers. It alerts users in the expected shaking zone ahead of the slower seismic waves. It covers quakes of magnitude 4.5 and above. This alert was that intended function.",
  "system": "Android Earthquake Alerts System (crowdsourced phone-accelerometer detection; alerts for magnitude 4.5 and above)",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Google",
  "deployer": "Google",
  "location": "Kasos, Greece",
  "domain": "Disaster risk reduction / earthquake early warning",
  "segment": "Consumer smartphones (Android)",
  "benefit_type": "Increased Product Safety",
  "taxonomy_note": "An earthquake warning is read as a detection mechanism; no averted injury is documented.",
  "registry_ids": {
    "oecd_aim": "2025-05-14-779c"
  },
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "personal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Android users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away received a few seconds' message and audible notice of a deep M6.0 quake. Their number is unstated. The reports name no recipient and give no lead time in seconds. They report no damage, injuries or protective action."
    }
  ],
  "ai_role": {
    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "If the reports are right, the alert was produced end to end by Google's system. Accelerometer triggers from many phones were combined on Google's servers to detect the quake. Alerts were then pushed ahead of the slower waves, as Google's 2020 description and the 2025 Science paper set out. Google's own pages do not use the words AI or machine learning. The Science abstract speaks of smartphone-based earthquake detection algorithms. The OECD Monitor classifies the system as AI doing event detection. That alerts arrived seconds before shaking rests on unattributed statements in four Greek outlets published within a day of the quake. None quotes a recipient, a seismologist or Google. No Google per-event confirmation was found."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Newsbomb (2025). «Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς. Newsbomb.gr, 14 May 2025, 23:10.",
      "title": "«Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς",
      "url": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys",
      "date": "2025-05-14",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "Πολλοί κάτοικοι κοντινών περιοχών, όπως εκείνοι στην Κρήτη, στα Δωδεκάνησα αλλά και πιο μακριά ενημερώθηκαν έγκαιρα και έλαβαν ειδοποίηση στο κινητό τους λίγα δευτερόλεπτα πριν σημειωθεί η σεισμική δόνηση"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "GizChina Greece (2025). Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό. GizChina.gr, 14 May 2025.",
      "title": "Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό",
      "url": "https://www.gizchina.gr/?p=363710",
      "date": "2025-05-14",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "αρκετοί κάτοικοι των Δωδεκανήσων, αλλά και ευρύτερων περιοχών, έλαβαν ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό τους, δευτερόλεπτα πριν το κύμα του σεισμού φτάσει σε αυτούς"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "in.gr (2025). Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό. in.gr, 15 May 2025, 11:02.",
      "title": "Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό",
      "url": "https://www.in.gr/2025/05/15/in-science/technology/pos-tha-energopoiisete-tin-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-proeidopoiei-gia-seismo",
      "date": "2025-05-15",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "Μια υπηρεσία έγκαιρης προειδοποίησης για σεισμούς που κρύβεται στο λειτουργικό σύστημα Android ήταν αυτή που ενημέρωσε πολλούς χρήστες για τον σεισμό των 6,1 βαθμών"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Alphafreepress (2025). Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android. Alphafreepress.gr, 14 May 2025, 20:42.",
      "title": "Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android",
      "url": "https://www.alphafreepress.gr/2025/05/14/ellada/kasos-seismos-61-rixter-pos-leitourgei-to-systima-proeidopoiisis-sta-android",
      "date": "2025-05-14",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "το σύστημα σεισμικής ειδοποίησης της Google καταφέρνει να στείλει ενημέρωση στον πολίτη πριν φτάσει το κύμα της δόνησης στην περιοχή του"
    },
    {
      "kind": "dataset",
      "citation": "U.S. Geological Survey (2025). M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece (event us7000pz2p, 2025-05-13 22:51:15 UTC, depth 76 km). USGS Earthquake Hazards Program.",
      "title": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece",
      "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000pz2p",
      "date": "2025-05-13",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece"
    },
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "Stogaitis M (2020). Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone. Google, The Keyword, 11 August 2020.",
      "title": "Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone",
      "url": "https://blog.google/products/android/earthquake-detection-and-alerts/",
      "date": "2020-08-11",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The server then combines information from many phones to figure out if an earthquake is happening."
    },
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "Google (n.d.). Android early earthquake warnings. Google Crisis Resilience.",
      "title": "Android early earthquake warnings",
      "url": "https://crisisresilience.google/android-early-earthquake-warnings",
      "date": null,
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "These alerts are only sent for earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or greater."
    },
    {
      "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
      "citation": "Allen RM, Barski A, Berman M, et al. (2025). Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones. Science 389(6757):254-259. PMID 40674485.",
      "title": "Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ads4779",
      "date": "2025-07-17",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "We show how smartphone-based earthquake detection algorithms can be implemented at scale and improved through postevent analysis."
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "A magnitude 6.0 (USGS) quake above the system's 4.5 alert threshold, centered offshore south of Kasos at about 76 km depth. A push alert could therefore outrun the slower waves to Crete and the Dodecanese.",
      "Enough Android phones near the epicentre with the Earthquake Alerts setting on to trigger Google's server-side detection. In Europe the system uses the accelerometers in phones instead of seismographs (in.gr).",
      "Receiving phones with location (GPS) enabled and an internet connection, which Alphafreepress lists as requirements for the alerts"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "The server's magnitude and location estimate must be right and early. The 2025 Science paper reports that only 36% of alert recipients got the alert before shaking.",
      "Recipients must know what to do with seconds of notice. The Greek reports document no protective action by anyone who received the alert.",
      "The phone must have the Earthquake Alerts setting enabled (Alphafreepress: Settings > Safety & Emergency > Earthquake Alerts). The feature must be supported in the region."
    ],
    "echoes": []
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "Google alerts Crete phones seconds before the M6.0 Kasos quake",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": {
    "against": "the arrival of the seismic shaking (no warning)",
    "before": null,
    "after": "λίγα δευτερόλεπτα πριν σημειωθεί η σεισμική δόνηση",
    "basis": "assumed",
    "quote": "Πολλοί κάτοικοι κοντινών περιοχών, όπως εκείνοι στην Κρήτη, στα Δωδεκάνησα αλλά και πιο μακριά ενημερώθηκαν έγκαιρα και έλαβαν ειδοποίηση στο κινητό τους λίγα δευτερόλεπτα πριν σημειωθεί η σεισμική δόνηση",
    "url": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys"
  },
  "later": {
    "status": "persisted",
    "date": "2025-07-17",
    "note": "Two months later Google's team published its Science evaluation of the Android system: over three years it delivered about 18 million alerts a month in 98 countries, and 36% of users who gave feedback received the alert before shaking (the paper does not discuss the Kasos event).",
    "quote": "Alerts were delivered in 98 countries for earthquakes with M ≥4.5, corresponding to ~60 events and 18 million alerts per month. User feedback shows that 85% of people receiving an alert felt shaking, and 36, 28, and 23% received the alert before, during, and after shaking, respectively.",
    "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40674485"
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "United States",
  "deployer_country": "United States",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Dated to 14 May 2025 local time: USGS gives the origin as 2025–05–13T22:51:15 UTC, M6.0 mww, 76 km depth, 20 km SSE of Fry, and in.gr places it in the early hours of Wednesday; Newsbomb's text says the early hours of Tuesday 13 May, which contradicts both and is not followed. Greek outlets report 6.1; USGS 6.0. Filed as protective response with prevention unproven as the classifier proposed. Of the Monitor's eight Greek sources, Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress state that users were alerted before the shaking (Newsbomb names Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away, by message and an audible signal like the 112 alert); Parapolitika is an explainer without that claim; eleftherostypos.gr and reader.gr returned HTTP 403 and ant1news.gr a TLS error, so they were not read. No Google statement about this event was found; web search was unavailable in this session, so sourcing is limited to the Monitor's list, USGS, Google's own pages and the Science abstract.",
      "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-05-14-779c",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Increased Product Safety under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Accessibility among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys; https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40674485",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-22",
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  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: four independent news reports, one independent dataset, the makers' peer-reviewed study and two press releases from the makers. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.",
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        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "institutional decisions"
      },
      "decisions[].success_criterion": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "institutional decisions"
      },
      "deployment_stage": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "economics[].amount": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].costs[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].counterfactual": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].currency_price_basis": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].gross_net": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].measure_type": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].period_unit": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].realization": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].recipient_payer": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].return_payback": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].valuation_method": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "evaluations[].ai_uplift": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].comparator": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].design": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].effect": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].exposure": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].id": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].measurement_method": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].metric": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].reproduction_materials": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].setting_sample": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].uncertainty_limitations": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "ai_role",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations",
        "display": {
          "answer": "The reports quote no recipient or Google representative and provide no confirmation for this particular earthquake. Google’s cited descriptions establish an automated detection system but do not identify a learned model.",
          "editor_note": ""
        }
      },
      "external_references[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "registry_ids": {
              "oecd_aim": "2025-05-14-779c"
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "registry_ids"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "follow_up[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "later": {
              "status": "persisted",
              "date": "2025-07-17",
              "note": "Two months later Google's team published its Science evaluation of the Android system: over three years it delivered about 18 million alerts a month in 98 countries, and 36% of users who gave feedback received the alert before shaking (the paper does not discuss the Kasos event).",
              "quote": "Alerts were delivered in 98 countries for earthquakes with M ≥4.5, corresponding to ~60 events and 18 million alerts per month. User feedback shows that 85% of people receiving an alert felt shaking, and 36, 28, and 23% received the alert before, during, and after shaking, respectively.",
              "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40674485"
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "later"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "human_oversight": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "id": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "id": "AIBD-0130"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "id"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "infrastructure_dependencies[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].beneficiaries": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].beneficiary_count": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].benefit_type": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "benefit_type": "Increased Product Safety",
            "taxonomy_note": "An earthquake warning is read as a detection mechanism; no averted injury is documented."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "benefit_type",
            "taxonomy_note"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].claim": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "At 01:51 local time on Wednesday 14 May 2025 (22:51 UTC on 13 May) a magnitude 6.0 (USGS; Greek outlets 6.1) earthquake struck. It struck 20 km south-south-east of Fry on Kasos, between Kasos and Karpathos, at 76 km depth. USGS logged 931 felt reports and a green alert level. Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress reported on 14 and 15 May on Google's Android Earthquake Alerts System. In Europe it detects quakes from phone accelerometers rather than seismographs. It notified users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away seconds before the shaking. Notice came by message and an audible signal similar to the 112 alert. None of the reports names a recipient, gives a lead time in seconds, or mentions damage or injuries.",
            "benefit_type": "Increased Product Safety"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "benefit_type"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].distribution": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].duration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].id": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].stakeholder_group": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "ratings": [
              {
                "group": "personal",
                "depth": 1,
                "reason": "Android users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away received a few seconds' message and audible notice of a deep M6.0 quake. Their number is unstated. The reports name no recipient and give no lead time in seconds. They report no damage, injuries or protective action."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "ratings"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].status": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].tradeoffs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].unexpected": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "unexpected": false,
            "purpose": "Built to detect earthquakes from the accelerometers of Android phones and combine the signals on Google's servers. It alerts users in the expected shaking zone ahead of the slower seismic waves. It covers quakes of magnitude 4.5 and above. This alert was that intended function."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "unexpected",
            "purpose"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "places[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "location": "Kasos, Greece",
            "developer_country": "United States",
            "deployer_country": "United States"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "location",
            "developer_country",
            "deployer_country"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "purpose": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "purpose": "Built to detect earthquakes from the accelerometers of Android phones and combine the signals on Google's servers. It alerts users in the expected shaking zone ahead of the slower seismic waves. It covers quakes of magnitude 4.5 and above. This alert was that intended function."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "purpose"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "record_dates": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "date_observed": "2025-05-14",
            "revisions": [
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Dated to 14 May 2025 local time: USGS gives the origin as 2025–05–13T22:51:15 UTC, M6.0 mww, 76 km depth, 20 km SSE of Fry, and in.gr places it in the early hours of Wednesday; Newsbomb's text says the early hours of Tuesday 13 May, which contradicts both and is not followed. Greek outlets report 6.1; USGS 6.0. Filed as protective response with prevention unproven as the classifier proposed. Of the Monitor's eight Greek sources, Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress state that users were alerted before the shaking (Newsbomb names Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away, by message and an audible signal like the 112 alert); Parapolitika is an explainer without that claim; eleftherostypos.gr and reader.gr returned HTTP 403 and ant1news.gr a TLS error, so they were not read. No Google statement about this event was found; web search was unavailable in this session, so sourcing is limited to the Monitor's list, USGS, Google's own pages and the Science abstract.",
                "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-05-14-779c",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Benefit type set to Increased Product Safety under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Accessibility among the six first used.",
                "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.",
                "source": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys; https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40674485",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
                "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-22",
                "change": "Organization name standardized to Google.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "date_observed",
            "revisions"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "replication.attempts[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "replication.conditions": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "A magnitude 6.0 (USGS) quake above the system's 4.5 alert threshold, centered offshore south of Kasos at about 76 km depth. A push alert could therefore outrun the slower waves to Crete and the Dodecanese.",
                "Enough Android phones near the epicentre with the Earthquake Alerts setting on to trigger Google's server-side detection. In Europe the system uses the accelerometers in phones instead of seismographs (in.gr).",
                "Receiving phones with location (GPS) enabled and an internet connection, which Alphafreepress lists as requirements for the alerts"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "The server's magnitude and location estimate must be right and early. The 2025 Science paper reports that only 36% of alert recipients got the alert before shaking.",
                "Recipients must know what to do with seconds of notice. The Greek reports document no protective action by anyone who received the alert.",
                "The phone must have the Earthquake Alerts setting enabled (Alphafreepress: Settings > Safety & Emergency > Earthquake Alerts). The feature must be supported in the region."
              ],
              "echoes": []
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "revision_history[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "revisions": [
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Dated to 14 May 2025 local time: USGS gives the origin as 2025–05–13T22:51:15 UTC, M6.0 mww, 76 km depth, 20 km SSE of Fry, and in.gr places it in the early hours of Wednesday; Newsbomb's text says the early hours of Tuesday 13 May, which contradicts both and is not followed. Greek outlets report 6.1; USGS 6.0. Filed as protective response with prevention unproven as the classifier proposed. Of the Monitor's eight Greek sources, Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress state that users were alerted before the shaking (Newsbomb names Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away, by message and an audible signal like the 112 alert); Parapolitika is an explainer without that claim; eleftherostypos.gr and reader.gr returned HTTP 403 and ant1news.gr a TLS error, so they were not read. No Google statement about this event was found; web search was unavailable in this session, so sourcing is limited to the Monitor's list, USGS, Google's own pages and the Science abstract.",
                "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-05-14-779c",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Benefit type set to Increased Product Safety under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Accessibility among the six first used.",
                "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against, what happened since from the cited sources.",
                "source": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys; https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40674485",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
                "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-22",
                "change": "Organization name standardized to Google.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "revisions"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sector": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "domain": "Disaster risk reduction / earthquake early warning",
            "segment": "Consumer smartphones (Android)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "domain",
            "segment"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].access_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].citation_locator": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "evidence": [
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Newsbomb (2025). «Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς. Newsbomb.gr, 14 May 2025, 23:10.",
                "title": "«Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς",
                "url": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "Πολλοί κάτοικοι κοντινών περιοχών, όπως εκείνοι στην Κρήτη, στα Δωδεκάνησα αλλά και πιο μακριά ενημερώθηκαν έγκαιρα και έλαβαν ειδοποίηση στο κινητό τους λίγα δευτερόλεπτα πριν σημειωθεί η σεισμική δόνηση"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "GizChina Greece (2025). Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό. GizChina.gr, 14 May 2025.",
                "title": "Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό",
                "url": "https://www.gizchina.gr/?p=363710",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "αρκετοί κάτοικοι των Δωδεκανήσων, αλλά και ευρύτερων περιοχών, έλαβαν ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό τους, δευτερόλεπτα πριν το κύμα του σεισμού φτάσει σε αυτούς"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "in.gr (2025). Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό. in.gr, 15 May 2025, 11:02.",
                "title": "Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό",
                "url": "https://www.in.gr/2025/05/15/in-science/technology/pos-tha-energopoiisete-tin-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-proeidopoiei-gia-seismo",
                "date": "2025-05-15",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "Μια υπηρεσία έγκαιρης προειδοποίησης για σεισμούς που κρύβεται στο λειτουργικό σύστημα Android ήταν αυτή που ενημέρωσε πολλούς χρήστες για τον σεισμό των 6,1 βαθμών"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Alphafreepress (2025). Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android. Alphafreepress.gr, 14 May 2025, 20:42.",
                "title": "Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android",
                "url": "https://www.alphafreepress.gr/2025/05/14/ellada/kasos-seismos-61-rixter-pos-leitourgei-to-systima-proeidopoiisis-sta-android",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "το σύστημα σεισμικής ειδοποίησης της Google καταφέρνει να στείλει ενημέρωση στον πολίτη πριν φτάσει το κύμα της δόνησης στην περιοχή του"
              },
              {
                "kind": "dataset",
                "citation": "U.S. Geological Survey (2025). M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece (event us7000pz2p, 2025-05-13 22:51:15 UTC, depth 76 km). USGS Earthquake Hazards Program.",
                "title": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece",
                "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000pz2p",
                "date": "2025-05-13",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece"
              },
              {
                "kind": "press release",
                "citation": "Stogaitis M (2020). Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone. Google, The Keyword, 11 August 2020.",
                "title": "Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone",
                "url": "https://blog.google/products/android/earthquake-detection-and-alerts/",
                "date": "2020-08-11",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "The server then combines information from many phones to figure out if an earthquake is happening."
              },
              {
                "kind": "press release",
                "citation": "Google (n.d.). Android early earthquake warnings. Google Crisis Resilience.",
                "title": "Android early earthquake warnings",
                "url": "https://crisisresilience.google/android-early-earthquake-warnings",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "These alerts are only sent for earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or greater."
              },
              {
                "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
                "citation": "Allen RM, Barski A, Berman M, et al. (2025). Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones. Science 389(6757):254-259. PMID 40674485.",
                "title": "Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones",
                "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ads4779",
                "date": "2025-07-17",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "We show how smartphone-based earthquake detection algorithms can be implemented at scale and improved through postevent analysis."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "evidence"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].id": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "AIBD-0130-source-0001",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0002",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0003",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0004",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0005",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0006",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0007",
            "AIBD-0130-source-0008"
          ],
          "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "sources[].language": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].relationship": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "evidence": [
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Newsbomb (2025). «Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς. Newsbomb.gr, 14 May 2025, 23:10.",
                "title": "«Σεισμός τώρα»: Πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τη νέα εφαρμογή της Google που ενημερώνει για σεισμούς",
                "url": "https://www.newsbomb.gr/technologia/story/1649410/seismos-tora-pos-na-energopoiisete-ti-nea-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-enimeronei-gia-seismoys",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "Πολλοί κάτοικοι κοντινών περιοχών, όπως εκείνοι στην Κρήτη, στα Δωδεκάνησα αλλά και πιο μακριά ενημερώθηκαν έγκαιρα και έλαβαν ειδοποίηση στο κινητό τους λίγα δευτερόλεπτα πριν σημειωθεί η σεισμική δόνηση"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "GizChina Greece (2025). Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό. GizChina.gr, 14 May 2025.",
                "title": "Σεισμός τώρα: πώς να ενεργοποιήσετε τις ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό",
                "url": "https://www.gizchina.gr/?p=363710",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "αρκετοί κάτοικοι των Δωδεκανήσων, αλλά και ευρύτερων περιοχών, έλαβαν ειδοποιήσεις στο κινητό τους, δευτερόλεπτα πριν το κύμα του σεισμού φτάσει σε αυτούς"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "in.gr (2025). Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό. in.gr, 15 May 2025, 11:02.",
                "title": "Πώς θα ενεργοποιήσετε την εφαρμογή της Google που προειδοποιεί για σεισμό",
                "url": "https://www.in.gr/2025/05/15/in-science/technology/pos-tha-energopoiisete-tin-efarmogi-tis-google-pou-proeidopoiei-gia-seismo",
                "date": "2025-05-15",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "Μια υπηρεσία έγκαιρης προειδοποίησης για σεισμούς που κρύβεται στο λειτουργικό σύστημα Android ήταν αυτή που ενημέρωσε πολλούς χρήστες για τον σεισμό των 6,1 βαθμών"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Alphafreepress (2025). Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android. Alphafreepress.gr, 14 May 2025, 20:42.",
                "title": "Κάσος σεισμός 6,1 Ρίχτερ: Πώς λειτουργεί το σύστημα προειδοποίησης στα Android",
                "url": "https://www.alphafreepress.gr/2025/05/14/ellada/kasos-seismos-61-rixter-pos-leitourgei-to-systima-proeidopoiisis-sta-android",
                "date": "2025-05-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "το σύστημα σεισμικής ειδοποίησης της Google καταφέρνει να στείλει ενημέρωση στον πολίτη πριν φτάσει το κύμα της δόνησης στην περιοχή του"
              },
              {
                "kind": "dataset",
                "citation": "U.S. Geological Survey (2025). M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece (event us7000pz2p, 2025-05-13 22:51:15 UTC, depth 76 km). USGS Earthquake Hazards Program.",
                "title": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece",
                "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000pz2p",
                "date": "2025-05-13",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "M 6.0 - 20 km SSE of Fry, Greece"
              },
              {
                "kind": "press release",
                "citation": "Stogaitis M (2020). Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone. Google, The Keyword, 11 August 2020.",
                "title": "Earthquake detection and early alerts, now on your Android phone",
                "url": "https://blog.google/products/android/earthquake-detection-and-alerts/",
                "date": "2020-08-11",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "The server then combines information from many phones to figure out if an earthquake is happening."
              },
              {
                "kind": "press release",
                "citation": "Google (n.d.). Android early earthquake warnings. Google Crisis Resilience.",
                "title": "Android early earthquake warnings",
                "url": "https://crisisresilience.google/android-early-earthquake-warnings",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "These alerts are only sent for earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or greater."
              },
              {
                "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
                "citation": "Allen RM, Barski A, Berman M, et al. (2025). Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones. Science 389(6757):254-259. PMID 40674485.",
                "title": "Global earthquake detection and warning using Android phones",
                "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ads4779",
                "date": "2025-07-17",
                "written_by": "makers",
                "quote": "We show how smartphone-based earthquake detection algorithms can be implemented at scale and improved through postevent analysis."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "evidence"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].upstream_sources": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "strategic_assessments[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "strategic assessments"
      },
      "summary": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "summary": "Android users in Crete and the Dodecanese got Google's quake alert seconds before the M6.0 (Greek press 6.1) Kasos quake of 14 May 2025.",
            "account": "At 01:51 local time on Wednesday 14 May 2025 (22:51 UTC on 13 May) a magnitude 6.0 (USGS; Greek outlets 6.1) earthquake struck. It struck 20 km south-south-east of Fry on Kasos, between Kasos and Karpathos, at 76 km depth. USGS logged 931 felt reports and a green alert level. Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress reported on 14 and 15 May on Google's Android Earthquake Alerts System. In Europe it detects quakes from phone accelerometers rather than seismographs. It notified users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away seconds before the shaking. Notice came by message and an audible signal similar to the 112 alert. None of the reports names a recipient, gives a lead time in seconds, or mentions damage or injuries."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "summary",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].autonomy_permissions": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].component_role": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].deployment_configuration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].inputs_outputs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_name": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].product_name": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "system": "Android Earthquake Alerts System (crowdsourced phone-accelerometer detection; alerts for magnitude 4.5 and above)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "system"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].provider": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
            "application_developer": "Google"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "developer"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "title": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "title": "Google's Android Earthquake Alerts reached phones in Crete and the Dodecanese seconds before the 14 May 2025 M6.0 (Greek press 6.1) Kasos quake",
            "headline": "Google alerts Crete phones seconds before the M6.0 Kasos quake"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "title",
            "headline"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "version": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "c434c4947e2cacd4aa85a380b8afca94ec0bad41d6ad884073cdbbb28fd816a4"
          ],
          "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "workflow": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "At 01:51 local time on Wednesday 14 May 2025 (22:51 UTC on 13 May) a magnitude 6.0 (USGS; Greek outlets 6.1) earthquake struck. It struck 20 km south-south-east of Fry on Kasos, between Kasos and Karpathos, at 76 km depth. USGS logged 931 felt reports and a green alert level. Newsbomb, GizChina Greece, in.gr and Alphafreepress reported on 14 and 15 May on Google's Android Earthquake Alerts System. In Europe it detects quakes from phone accelerometers rather than seismographs. It notified users in Crete, the Dodecanese and farther away seconds before the shaking. Notice came by message and an audible signal similar to the 112 alert. None of the reports names a recipient, gives a lead time in seconds, or mentions damage or injuries.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "A magnitude 6.0 (USGS) quake above the system's 4.5 alert threshold, centered offshore south of Kasos at about 76 km depth. A push alert could therefore outrun the slower waves to Crete and the Dodecanese.",
                "Enough Android phones near the epicentre with the Earthquake Alerts setting on to trigger Google's server-side detection. In Europe the system uses the accelerometers in phones instead of seismographs (in.gr).",
                "Receiving phones with location (GPS) enabled and an internet connection, which Alphafreepress lists as requirements for the alerts"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "The server's magnitude and location estimate must be right and early. The 2025 Science paper reports that only 36% of alert recipients got the alert before shaking.",
                "Recipients must know what to do with seconds of notice. The Greek reports document no protective action by anyone who received the alert.",
                "The phone must have the Earthquake Alerts setting enabled (Alphafreepress: Settings > Safety & Emergency > Earthquake Alerts). The feature must be supported in the region."
              ],
              "echoes": []
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      }
    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 29,
      "reviewed": 0,
      "record_mapped": 29,
      "not_assessed": 62,
      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 29,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 62,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}