{
  "id": "AIBD-0128",
  "title": "KEA's QR-code facial recognition app exposes a woman trying to enter a Bengaluru CET hall on another candidate's forged admit card",
  "summary": "KEA's facial recognition app flagged a woman with a forged CET admit card in Bengaluru on 17 April 2025; she fled before writing the paper.",
  "date_observed": "2025-04-17",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "On Thursday 17 April 2025 a woman calling herself Tuba Fathima Jameel tried to enter the CET-2025 mathematics paper. The center was Silver Valley Public PU College in Malleswaram, Bengaluru. She had spent nearly an hour in the restroom. Her admit card carried her own pasted photograph and an altered name. It bore the hall ticket number and QR code of a genuine candidate, Tabu Naz. Staff scanned the code and captured her photo with the new Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) facial recognition app. It reported that she was not the candidate on record. She fled before the principal was told. KEA executive director H. Prasanna ordered a report with video footage and said legal action would follow.",
  "category": "harm prevented",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "KEA built the app to verify candidates at the hall entrance and prevent impersonation. It scans the admit card's QR code and matches a live photograph against the photo submitted at registration. Exposing this impersonator was exactly that purpose.",
  "system": "Karnataka Examinations Authority QR code-based facial recognition app (CET-2025 candidate verification)",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Karnataka Examinations Authority (The Hindu and ETV Bharat: 'developed by KEA'; no vendor named)",
  "deployer": "Karnataka Examinations Authority",
  "location": "Bengaluru, India",
  "domain": "Education (state entrance examinations)",
  "segment": "Public sector examination administration",
  "benefit_type": "Reduced Risk",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {
    "oecd_aim": "2025-04-14-e47b"
  },
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": 2,
      "reason": "KEA stopped a forged-entry attempt in the app's first state-wide run. The Hindu reports that all verifications ran without technical glitches on the second day. The benefit to the authority is a working integrity control across 3,30,808 registrants, demonstrated on one case."
    },
    {
      "group": "societal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Genuine CET-2025 candidates: one person who was not the candidate on record was kept out of a competition for seats among 3.3 lakh registrants. It is a small benefit spread across the cohort. The sources do not say what she meant to gain."
    }
  ],
  "ai_role": {
    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "The app did the detecting. Staff scanned the admit card's QR code and captured the woman's photo. It flagged a mismatch with the photo on record (New Indian Express). It “revealed that she was not the genuine candidate” (The Hindu). The Hindu and the Times of India both report the forged card's contents. It carried her own photograph with the genuine candidate's hall ticket number and QR code. Comparing the card with her face would therefore not have exposed her. The flag depended on the app's match against the registered photograph. Staff then acted, but she fled before the principal was told. No arrest or sanction is attributable to the system. KEA's probe and the promised legal action were still pending in every report."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "The Hindu Bureau (2025). CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered. The Hindu, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
      "title": "CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered",
      "url": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/cet-impersonator-caught-using-facial-recognition-app-probe-ordered/article69461334.ece",
      "date": "2025-04-17",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "when her photo was captured and verified through the facial recognition app, it revealed that she was not the genuine candidate"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
      "title": "Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre",
      "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/cet-facial-recognition-app-nails-fake-candidate-in-bengaluru/articleshow/120388988.cms",
      "date": "2025-04-17",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "She had changed the original candidate's name but retained the hall ticket number and QR code."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Express News Service (2025). QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru. The New Indian Express, 18 April 2025.",
      "title": "QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru",
      "url": "https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2025/Apr/18/qr-code-facial-recognition-app-exposes-impersonator-in-bengaluru",
      "date": "2025-04-18",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "the facial recognition app flagged a mismatch between her face and the photo on record, revealing she was not the actual candidate"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "ETV Bharat (2025). Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On. ETV Bharat, 18 April 2025.",
      "title": "Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On",
      "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!state/karnataka-examination-authoritys-new-facial-recognition-system-helps-identify-a-proxy-candidate-investigation-underway-enn25041801048",
      "date": "2025-04-18",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "designed to detect impersonation by matching real-time photographs of candidates with those submitted at the time of registration"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 14 April 2025.",
      "title": "Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates",
      "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-common-entrance-test-set-to-begin-with-new-security-norms-for-candidates/articleshow/120288622.cms",
      "date": "2025-04-14",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "This was piloted in a few centres earlier and will be in force across all centres this time round."
    },
    {
      "kind": "registry label",
      "citation": "OECD AI Incidents Monitor, incident 2025-04-14-e47b",
      "title": "Facial recognition app exposes exam impersonator during Karnataka CET",
      "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
      "date": "2025-04-14",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "The system flagged a mismatch when Tuba Fatima Jameel attempted to impersonate another student, thwarting her fraud and prompting a probe."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "ETV Bharat (2026). Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24. ETV Bharat, 22 April 2026.",
      "title": "Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24",
      "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
      "date": "2026-04-22",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": null
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "Admit cards printed with a QR code that resolves to the candidate's registered record and photograph. A photo pasted over the card therefore does not change what the app compares against.",
      "A live photograph taken at the hall door and matched by the app against the registered photo before entry. This ran at every center rather than the earlier pilot subset.",
      "Center staff instructed to act on a mismatch and escalate to the principal and KEA. Video coverage of the entrance that KEA could call for afterwards."
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "The registered photograph must be of the genuine candidate. The control fails if the fraud is committed at registration rather than at the door.",
      "Verification must be completed before the candidate is admitted. This depends on staffing and app reliability at scale. KEA reported no glitches this time.",
      "A flagged person must be detained or identified on the spot. Here she fled, so the deterrent rests on the probe and the video footage rather than on an arrest."
    ],
    "echoes": []
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "KEA's facial recognition app exposes a forged CET admit card",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": null,
  "later": {
    "status": "persisted",
    "date": "2026-04-22",
    "note": "A year later KEA announced that facial recognition and QR-code verification would again be done for every candidate at K-CET 2026 on 23-24 April 2026.",
    "quote": "In order to avoid impersonation of candidates, facial recognition and QR code verification will be done for every candidate.",
    "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512"
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": null,
  "deployer_country": null,
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
  "brief": null,
  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Filed as specific harm prevented, as the classifier proposed: the harm was specific (entry to the mathematics paper under a genuine candidate's hall ticket number) and the supporting evidence is that the forged card carried the impersonator's own photograph, so the app's match against the registered photo, not a visual check, produced the flag, and she left without writing the paper. Every account traces to a statement by KEA executive director H. Prasanna; KEA both built and ran the app, and no police record, court filing or outcome of the promised legal action was found. The Hindu says the catch came on the app's second day, the Times of India on its third (counting the Kannada paper of 15 April). Dated to the attempt, Thursday 17 April 2025; the Monitor's ID date (14 April) is the Times of India preview of the new security norms. The Monitor spells the name “Tuba Fatima Jameel” after ETV Bharat; The Hindu, the Times of India and the New Indian Express print “Tuba Fathima Jameel”, and the genuine candidate appears as “Tabu Naz” (Hindu, TOI, NIE) and “Tabu Naaz” (ETV). Udayavani's page sat behind a bot check and was not read.",
      "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Merged with a second write-up of the same event (1 sources and the registry id carried over); the duplicate was removed.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what happened since from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
  ],
  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: six independent news reports and a registry entry. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.",
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      "economics[].return_payback": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "economics[].valuation_method": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "monetary observations"
      },
      "evaluations[].ai_uplift": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].comparator": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].design": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].effect": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].exposure": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].id": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].measurement_method": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].metric": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].reproduction_materials": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].setting_sample": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations"
      },
      "evaluations[].uncertainty_limitations": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "ai_role",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "evaluations",
        "display": {
          "answer": "The person left before the principal was informed. The reports describe a pending investigation and do not establish an arrest or sanction.",
          "editor_note": ""
        }
      },
      "external_references[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "registry_ids": {
              "oecd_aim": "2025-04-14-e47b"
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "registry_ids"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "follow_up[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "later": {
              "status": "persisted",
              "date": "2026-04-22",
              "note": "A year later KEA announced that facial recognition and QR-code verification would again be done for every candidate at K-CET 2026 on 23-24 April 2026.",
              "quote": "In order to avoid impersonation of candidates, facial recognition and QR code verification will be done for every candidate.",
              "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512"
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "later"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "human_oversight": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "text",
          "text": "Examination staff scanned the admit card, captured the photograph, and acted on the mismatch."
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "ai_role",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "id": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "id": "AIBD-0128"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "id"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "infrastructure_dependencies[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].beneficiaries": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].beneficiary_count": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].benefit_type": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "benefit_type": "Reduced Risk"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "benefit_type"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].claim": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "On Thursday 17 April 2025 a woman calling herself Tuba Fathima Jameel tried to enter the CET-2025 mathematics paper. The center was Silver Valley Public PU College in Malleswaram, Bengaluru. She had spent nearly an hour in the restroom. Her admit card carried her own pasted photograph and an altered name. It bore the hall ticket number and QR code of a genuine candidate, Tabu Naz. Staff scanned the code and captured her photo with the new Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) facial recognition app. It reported that she was not the candidate on record. She fled before the principal was told. KEA executive director H. Prasanna ordered a report with video footage and said legal action would follow.",
            "benefit_type": "Reduced Risk"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "benefit_type"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].distribution": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].duration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].id": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].stakeholder_group": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "ratings": [
              {
                "group": "organizational",
                "depth": 2,
                "reason": "KEA stopped a forged-entry attempt in the app's first state-wide run. The Hindu reports that all verifications ran without technical glitches on the second day. The benefit to the authority is a working integrity control across 3,30,808 registrants, demonstrated on one case."
              },
              {
                "group": "societal",
                "depth": 1,
                "reason": "Genuine CET-2025 candidates: one person who was not the candidate on record was kept out of a competition for seats among 3.3 lakh registrants. It is a small benefit spread across the cohort. The sources do not say what she meant to gain."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "ratings"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].status": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].tradeoffs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "outcomes[].unexpected": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "unexpected": false,
            "purpose": "KEA built the app to verify candidates at the hall entrance and prevent impersonation. It scans the admit card's QR code and matches a live photograph against the photo submitted at registration. Exposing this impersonator was exactly that purpose."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "unexpected",
            "purpose"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "places[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "location": "Bengaluru, India"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "location"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "purpose": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "purpose": "KEA built the app to verify candidates at the hall entrance and prevent impersonation. It scans the admit card's QR code and matches a live photograph against the photo submitted at registration. Exposing this impersonator was exactly that purpose."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "purpose"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "record_dates": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "date_observed": "2025-04-17",
            "revisions": [
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Filed as specific harm prevented, as the classifier proposed: the harm was specific (entry to the mathematics paper under a genuine candidate's hall ticket number) and the supporting evidence is that the forged card carried the impersonator's own photograph, so the app's match against the registered photo, not a visual check, produced the flag, and she left without writing the paper. Every account traces to a statement by KEA executive director H. Prasanna; KEA both built and ran the app, and no police record, court filing or outcome of the promised legal action was found. The Hindu says the catch came on the app's second day, the Times of India on its third (counting the Kannada paper of 15 April). Dated to the attempt, Thursday 17 April 2025; the Monitor's ID date (14 April) is the Times of India preview of the new security norms. The Monitor spells the name “Tuba Fatima Jameel” after ETV Bharat; The Hindu, the Times of India and the New Indian Express print “Tuba Fathima Jameel”, and the genuine candidate appears as “Tabu Naz” (Hindu, TOI, NIE) and “Tabu Naaz” (ETV). Udayavani's page sat behind a bot check and was not read.",
                "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Merged with a second write-up of the same event (1 sources and the registry id carried over); the duplicate was removed.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.",
                "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Added what happened since from the cited sources.",
                "source": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "date_observed",
            "revisions"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "replication.attempts[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "replication.conditions": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Admit cards printed with a QR code that resolves to the candidate's registered record and photograph. A photo pasted over the card therefore does not change what the app compares against.",
                "A live photograph taken at the hall door and matched by the app against the registered photo before entry. This ran at every center rather than the earlier pilot subset.",
                "Center staff instructed to act on a mismatch and escalate to the principal and KEA. Video coverage of the entrance that KEA could call for afterwards."
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "The registered photograph must be of the genuine candidate. The control fails if the fraud is committed at registration rather than at the door.",
                "Verification must be completed before the candidate is admitted. This depends on staffing and app reliability at scale. KEA reported no glitches this time.",
                "A flagged person must be detained or identified on the spot. Here she fled, so the deterrent rests on the probe and the video footage rather than on an arrest."
              ],
              "echoes": []
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "revision_history[]": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "revisions": [
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Record drafted from the OECD Monitor entry and the cited sources. Filed as specific harm prevented, as the classifier proposed: the harm was specific (entry to the mathematics paper under a genuine candidate's hall ticket number) and the supporting evidence is that the forged card carried the impersonator's own photograph, so the app's match against the registered photo, not a visual check, produced the flag, and she left without writing the paper. Every account traces to a statement by KEA executive director H. Prasanna; KEA both built and ran the app, and no police record, court filing or outcome of the promised legal action was found. The Hindu says the catch came on the app's second day, the Times of India on its third (counting the Kannada paper of 15 April). Dated to the attempt, Thursday 17 April 2025; the Monitor's ID date (14 April) is the Times of India preview of the new security norms. The Monitor spells the name “Tuba Fatima Jameel” after ETV Bharat; The Hindu, the Times of India and the New Indian Express print “Tuba Fathima Jameel”, and the genuine candidate appears as “Tabu Naz” (Hindu, TOI, NIE) and “Tabu Naaz” (ETV). Udayavani's page sat behind a bot check and was not read.",
                "source": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-20",
                "change": "Merged with a second write-up of the same event (1 sources and the registry id carried over); the duplicate was removed.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Benefit type set to Reduced Risk under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.",
                "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Added what happened since from the cited sources.",
                "source": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              },
              {
                "date": "2026-10-21",
                "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
                "editor": "AIBD"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "revisions"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sector": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "domain": "Education (state entrance examinations)",
            "segment": "Public sector examination administration"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "domain",
            "segment"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].access_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].citation_locator": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "evidence": [
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Hindu Bureau (2025). CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered. The Hindu, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
                "title": "CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered",
                "url": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/cet-impersonator-caught-using-facial-recognition-app-probe-ordered/article69461334.ece",
                "date": "2025-04-17",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "when her photo was captured and verified through the facial recognition app, it revealed that she was not the genuine candidate"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
                "title": "Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre",
                "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/cet-facial-recognition-app-nails-fake-candidate-in-bengaluru/articleshow/120388988.cms",
                "date": "2025-04-17",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "She had changed the original candidate's name but retained the hall ticket number and QR code."
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Express News Service (2025). QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru. The New Indian Express, 18 April 2025.",
                "title": "QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru",
                "url": "https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2025/Apr/18/qr-code-facial-recognition-app-exposes-impersonator-in-bengaluru",
                "date": "2025-04-18",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "the facial recognition app flagged a mismatch between her face and the photo on record, revealing she was not the actual candidate"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "ETV Bharat (2025). Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On. ETV Bharat, 18 April 2025.",
                "title": "Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On",
                "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!state/karnataka-examination-authoritys-new-facial-recognition-system-helps-identify-a-proxy-candidate-investigation-underway-enn25041801048",
                "date": "2025-04-18",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "designed to detect impersonation by matching real-time photographs of candidates with those submitted at the time of registration"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 14 April 2025.",
                "title": "Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates",
                "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-common-entrance-test-set-to-begin-with-new-security-norms-for-candidates/articleshow/120288622.cms",
                "date": "2025-04-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "This was piloted in a few centres earlier and will be in force across all centres this time round."
              },
              {
                "kind": "registry label",
                "citation": "OECD AI Incidents Monitor, incident 2025-04-14-e47b",
                "title": "Facial recognition app exposes exam impersonator during Karnataka CET",
                "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
                "date": "2025-04-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "The system flagged a mismatch when Tuba Fatima Jameel attempted to impersonate another student, thwarting her fraud and prompting a probe."
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "ETV Bharat (2026). Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24. ETV Bharat, 22 April 2026.",
                "title": "Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24",
                "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
                "date": "2026-04-22",
                "written_by": "independent"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "evidence"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].id": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "AIBD-0128-source-0001",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0002",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0003",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0004",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0005",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0006",
            "AIBD-0128-source-0007"
          ],
          "role": "Existing evidence items, in their original order"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Stable within the fingerprinted record version; no source content or source review has been added.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "sources[].language": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].relationship": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "evidence": [
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Hindu Bureau (2025). CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered. The Hindu, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
                "title": "CET: Impersonator caught using facial recognition app, probe ordered",
                "url": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/cet-impersonator-caught-using-facial-recognition-app-probe-ordered/article69461334.ece",
                "date": "2025-04-17",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "when her photo was captured and verified through the facial recognition app, it revealed that she was not the genuine candidate"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 17 April 2025.",
                "title": "Facial recognition app foils impersonation attempt at Bengaluru CET centre",
                "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/cet-facial-recognition-app-nails-fake-candidate-in-bengaluru/articleshow/120388988.cms",
                "date": "2025-04-17",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "She had changed the original candidate's name but retained the hall ticket number and QR code."
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "Express News Service (2025). QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru. The New Indian Express, 18 April 2025.",
                "title": "QR code facial recognition app exposes impersonator in Bengaluru",
                "url": "https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2025/Apr/18/qr-code-facial-recognition-app-exposes-impersonator-in-bengaluru",
                "date": "2025-04-18",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "the facial recognition app flagged a mismatch between her face and the photo on record, revealing she was not the actual candidate"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "ETV Bharat (2025). Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On. ETV Bharat, 18 April 2025.",
                "title": "Proxy CET Examinee Caught Red-Handed In Karnataka, Investigation On",
                "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!state/karnataka-examination-authoritys-new-facial-recognition-system-helps-identify-a-proxy-candidate-investigation-underway-enn25041801048",
                "date": "2025-04-18",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "designed to detect impersonation by matching real-time photographs of candidates with those submitted at the time of registration"
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "The Times of India (2025). Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates. The Times of India, Bengaluru, 14 April 2025.",
                "title": "Karnataka Common Entrance Test set to begin with new security norms for candidates",
                "url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-common-entrance-test-set-to-begin-with-new-security-norms-for-candidates/articleshow/120288622.cms",
                "date": "2025-04-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "This was piloted in a few centres earlier and will be in force across all centres this time round."
              },
              {
                "kind": "registry label",
                "citation": "OECD AI Incidents Monitor, incident 2025-04-14-e47b",
                "title": "Facial recognition app exposes exam impersonator during Karnataka CET",
                "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/incidents/2025-04-14-e47b",
                "date": "2025-04-14",
                "written_by": "independent",
                "quote": "The system flagged a mismatch when Tuba Fatima Jameel attempted to impersonate another student, thwarting her fraud and prompting a probe."
              },
              {
                "kind": "news report",
                "citation": "ETV Bharat (2026). Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24. ETV Bharat, 22 April 2026.",
                "title": "Karnataka Examination Authority All Set To Conduct K-CET On April 23, 24",
                "url": "https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/karnataka-education-authority-to-conduct-k-cet-on-april-23-and-24-enn26042204512",
                "date": "2026-04-22",
                "written_by": "independent"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "evidence"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "sources[].upstream_sources": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "strategic_assessments[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "strategic assessments"
      },
      "summary": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "summary": "KEA's facial recognition app flagged a woman with a forged CET admit card in Bengaluru on 17 April 2025; she fled before writing the paper.",
            "account": "On Thursday 17 April 2025 a woman calling herself Tuba Fathima Jameel tried to enter the CET-2025 mathematics paper. The center was Silver Valley Public PU College in Malleswaram, Bengaluru. She had spent nearly an hour in the restroom. Her admit card carried her own pasted photograph and an altered name. It bore the hall ticket number and QR code of a genuine candidate, Tabu Naz. Staff scanned the code and captured her photo with the new Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) facial recognition app. It reported that she was not the candidate on record. She fled before the principal was told. KEA executive director H. Prasanna ordered a report with video footage and said legal action would follow."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "summary",
            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].autonomy_permissions": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].component_role": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].deployment_configuration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].inputs_outputs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_name": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].product_name": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "system": "Karnataka Examinations Authority QR code-based facial recognition app (CET-2025 candidate verification)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "system"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].provider": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
            "application_developer": "Karnataka Examinations Authority (The Hindu and ETV Bharat: 'developed by KEA'; no vendor named)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "developer"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "title": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "title": "KEA's QR-code facial recognition app exposes a woman trying to enter a Bengaluru CET hall on another candidate's forged admit card",
            "headline": "KEA's facial recognition app exposes a forged CET admit card"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "title",
            "headline"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "version": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "130ac3437aa9f0f7724f683c02021f8757b8e3ec53ac7f5901d17585acecdfdb"
          ],
          "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "workflow": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "On Thursday 17 April 2025 a woman calling herself Tuba Fathima Jameel tried to enter the CET-2025 mathematics paper. The center was Silver Valley Public PU College in Malleswaram, Bengaluru. She had spent nearly an hour in the restroom. Her admit card carried her own pasted photograph and an altered name. It bore the hall ticket number and QR code of a genuine candidate, Tabu Naz. Staff scanned the code and captured her photo with the new Karnataka Examinations Authority (KEA) facial recognition app. It reported that she was not the candidate on record. She fled before the principal was told. KEA executive director H. Prasanna ordered a report with video footage and said legal action would follow.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Admit cards printed with a QR code that resolves to the candidate's registered record and photograph. A photo pasted over the card therefore does not change what the app compares against.",
                "A live photograph taken at the hall door and matched by the app against the registered photo before entry. This ran at every center rather than the earlier pilot subset.",
                "Center staff instructed to act on a mismatch and escalate to the principal and KEA. Video coverage of the entrance that KEA could call for afterwards."
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "The registered photograph must be of the genuine candidate. The control fails if the fraud is committed at registration rather than at the door.",
                "Verification must be completed before the candidate is admitted. This depends on staffing and app reliability at scale. KEA reported no glitches this time.",
                "A flagged person must be detained or identified on the spot. Here she fled, so the deterrent rests on the probe and the video footage rather than on an arrest."
              ],
              "echoes": []
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      }
    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 30,
      "reviewed": 0,
      "record_mapped": 30,
      "not_assessed": 61,
      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 30,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 61,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}