{
  "id": "AIBD-0056",
  "title": "Seeing AI gives a woman with retinitis pigmentosa audio access to printed recipes in a Vanderbilt rehabilitation case report",
  "summary": "A 62-year-old with autosomal dominant RP used Microsoft Seeing AI to read printed recipes in her kitchen (case report, 2025).",
  "date_observed": "2025-09-01",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "A case report in Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine (author at Vanderbilt University Medical Center; published 1 September 2025) describes comprehensive low-vision rehabilitation. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, best-corrected acuity 20/40–2 and severely constricted visual fields in both eyes. The rehabilitation included optical aids, white cane training and counseling. After the evaluation visit she was referred to Tennessee's blind and independent living skills training program. At the insistence of her independent living skills trainer she met a Technology Access Program specialist. She downloaded free iPhone apps, among them volunteer-based Be My Eyes and Seeing AI. Seeing AI uses the phone camera to turn printed material into auditory output. The report does not name Seeing AI's maker. The Microsoft attribution rests on the app's App Store listing. At a later meeting of the clinic's bimonthly support group, she reported using both applications in the kitchen. Seeing AI helped her access printed recipes. The author declares no conflicts of interest. Visit dates are not given.",
  "category": "benefit created",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Read printed text aloud for people with visual impairment using computer vision",
  "system": "Microsoft Seeing AI smartphone app (computer-vision text recognition to speech)",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Microsoft",
  "deployer": "Vision rehabilitation clinic (author's department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center), which referred the patient to the state of Tennessee's blind and independent living skills training program; a Technology Access Program specialist introduced the apps; the patient used them at home",
  "location": "Tennessee, United States",
  "domain": "Low-vision rehabilitation",
  "segment": "People with retinitis pigmentosa",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Accessibility",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "personal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "An identifiable patient gained audio access to printed recipes in her kitchen. The report documents this single functional use within a broader rehabilitation plan. The gain is small."
    },
    {
      "group": "societal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Single case report. The app is widely available but no population effect is shown here."
    }
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    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "Seeing AI's computer-vision text recognition is what converts the printed recipe into speech. The report lists it alongside non-AI aids (Be My Eyes volunteers, optical devices). It attributes recipe access specifically to Seeing AI."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "case report",
      "citation": "Robinson JL (2025). Comprehensive Rehabilitation for Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report. Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2025:4856296.",
      "title": "Comprehensive Rehabilitation for Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417062/",
      "date": "2025-09-01",
      "written_by": "deployer",
      "quote": "The patient was using both applications in the kitchen, with Seeing AI helping her to access printed recipes"
    },
    {
      "kind": "case report",
      "citation": "Robinson JL (2025). Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine (description of the app).",
      "title": "Comprehensive Rehabilitation for Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report (app description)",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417062/",
      "date": "2025-09-01",
      "written_by": "deployer",
      "quote": "Seeing AI, which uses the device's camera to convert printed material into auditory output"
    },
    {
      "kind": "press release",
      "citation": "Microsoft Corporation (2025). Seeing AI. Apple App Store listing; the listing's developer field reads 'Microsoft Corporation' (vendor page, cited only to attribute the app to Microsoft).",
      "title": "Seeing AI (App Store listing)",
      "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/seeing-ai/id999062298",
      "date": null,
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "Seeing AI is a free app that narrates the world around you. ... © 2025 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved."
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "Smartphone camera text recognition read aloud",
      "Introduction of the app during structured low-vision rehabilitation",
      "Task-specific use in a familiar environment"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Patient can aim a phone camera at text",
      "Printed material of legible font and contrast",
      "Smartphone ownership and training"
    ],
    "echoes": [
      {
        "date": null,
        "setting": "Lighthouse Guild, New York: 25 adults with vision impairment tested Seeing AI, Envision Glasses, OrCam MyEye 2 Pro and Google Lookout on daily-living tasks (cohort)",
        "model_version": "Seeing AI 1.0.1",
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "Seiple et al. (2025) Transl Vis Sci Technol 14(1):3, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11721483/"
      }
    ]
  },
  "paired_incident": {
    "database": "AI Incident Database",
    "identifier": "830",
    "title": "Error-Prone AI Accessibility Tools Reportedly Lead to Navigation Issues for Blind Internet Users",
    "url": "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/830",
    "severity": null,
    "group": "personal",
    "basis": "Both convert visual content into accessible output for blind and low-vision users; the accessibility tools mislabelled content and interfered with screen readers, harming blind users such as Jakob Rosin."
  },
  "headline": "Seeing AI reads printed recipes aloud for a woman with RP",
  "metric": null,
  "comparator": {
    "against": "reading print through her habitual spectacle lenses",
    "before": "She was having trouble reading printed materials, specifically recipes and food preparation instructions, through her habitual spectacle lenses",
    "after": "Seeing AI helping her to access printed recipes",
    "basis": "assumed",
    "quote": "The patient was using both applications in the kitchen, with Seeing AI helping her to access printed recipes and Be My Eyes allowing her to check expiration dates on food products and set her oven and stove dials accurately.",
    "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417062/"
  },
  "later": {
    "status": "unknown",
    "date": null,
    "note": "No later development found.",
    "quote": null,
    "url": null
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "United States",
  "deployer_country": "United States",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
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  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Paired with AI Incident Database incident 830 (high confidence); severity not given by the source.",
      "source": "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/830",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Added the Seeing AI App Store listing as vendor-authored evidence because neither cited source names Microsoft, credited the apps in deployer and account to the state of Tennessee's independent living skills program and a Technology Access Program specialist after the clinic's referral, placed the kitchen use at a later clinic-hosted support-group meeting rather than a clinical follow-up, and changed location from Nashville to Tennessee because the report never names a city, with the reasons in the taxonomy note.",
      "source": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417062/; https://apps.apple.com/us/app/seeing-ai/id999062298",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12417062/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderbilt_University_Medical_Center",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
  ],
  "confidence": "claimed",
  "shade": "low",
  "claim_status": "The deployer's account",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: the makers' press release and the deployer's case report. The cited evidence includes no independent source and no finding by a regulator or court.",
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        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "A case report in Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine (author at Vanderbilt University Medical Center; published 1 September 2025) describes comprehensive low-vision rehabilitation. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, best-corrected acuity 20/40–2 and severely constricted visual fields in both eyes. The rehabilitation included optical aids, white cane training and counseling. After the evaluation visit she was referred to Tennessee's blind and independent living skills training program. At the insistence of her independent living skills trainer she met a Technology Access Program specialist. She downloaded free iPhone apps, among them volunteer-based Be My Eyes and Seeing AI. Seeing AI uses the phone camera to turn printed material into auditory output. The report does not name Seeing AI's maker. The Microsoft attribution rests on the app's App Store listing. At a later meeting of the clinic's bimonthly support group, she reported using both applications in the kitchen. Seeing AI helped her access printed recipes. The author declares no conflicts of interest. Visit dates are not given.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Smartphone camera text recognition read aloud",
                "Introduction of the app during structured low-vision rehabilitation",
                "Task-specific use in a familiar environment"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "Patient can aim a phone camera at text",
                "Printed material of legible font and contrast",
                "Smartphone ownership and training"
              ],
              "echoes": [
                {
                  "setting": "Lighthouse Guild, New York: 25 adults with vision impairment tested Seeing AI, Envision Glasses, OrCam MyEye 2 Pro and Google Lookout on daily-living tasks (cohort)",
                  "model_version": "Seeing AI 1.0.1",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "Seiple et al. (2025) Transl Vis Sci Technol 14(1):3, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11721483/"
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      }
    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 31,
      "reviewed": 0,
      "record_mapped": 31,
      "not_assessed": 60,
      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 31,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 60,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}