{
  "id": "AIBD-0055",
  "title": "Machine-learning myoelectric motor execution partially restores thumb and wrist movement in a paralyzed replanted arm",
  "summary": "A 72-year-old with a paralyzed replanted arm regained active thumb and wrist movement after 18 sessions of ML-decoded motor execution.",
  "date_observed": "2024-11-23",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "A 72-year-old man's right arm was replanted after a traumatic above-elbow amputation. He had no functional recovery after conventional rehabilitation and developed chronic neuropathic pain. The arm had been replanted at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Mölndal, Sweden. The Mölndal-based Center for Bionics and Pain Research / Sahlgrenska University Hospital (C.A.R.E.) team then delivered 18 sessions of myoelectric motor execution over 84 days. Nine included sensory training with tactile grids (the paper does not name the treatment site). Eight channels of electromyography were classified by a linear discriminant analysis classifier (Neuromotus, Integrum AB). Intended movements were decoded from the replanted arm and shown on screen as virtual limbs and games. He regained active thumb extension (4 degrees) and active wrist flexion (6 degrees) and extension (10 degrees), movements absent before treatment. Pain fluctuated with no consistent change. Treatment dates are not given, so the publication date (23 November 2024) is used.",
  "category": "benefit created",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Rehabilitate a highly impaired replanted arm and reduce neuropathic pain using decoded motor intention as feedback",
  "system": "Myoelectric motor execution with sensory training: Neuromotus 8-channel EMG and LDA classifier driving virtual limbs and serious games",
  "model_version": "Neuromotus (Integrum AB) with linear discriminant analysis classifier",
  "developer": "Center for Bionics and Pain Research / University of Gothenburg (academic clinical team); device by Integrum AB",
  "deployer": "Center for Bionics and Pain Research and Sahlgrenska University Hospital (C.A.R.E.), Mölndal; treatment site not named in the paper",
  "location": "Mölndal, Sweden",
  "domain": "Rehabilitation medicine / hand surgery",
  "segment": "Patients with replanted or transplanted limbs",
  "benefit_type": "Improved Physical Health",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "personal",
      "depth": 2,
      "reason": "An identifiable patient regained active thumb and wrist movement conventional rehabilitation had not produced. Gains are small and pain did not consistently improve."
    },
    {
      "group": "societal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Single case; authors present it as a potential treatment needing further study."
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    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "The LDA classifier decodes intended movements from weak EMG in a hand and wrist with no active motion. That is the only way the patient could receive real-time feedback on his motor attempts. The authors attribute the regained movement to this motor execution training. Two authors hold a pending patent on the technology."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "case report",
      "citation": "Kristoffersen MB, Munoz-Novoa M, Buist M, Emadeldin M, Reinholdt C, Ortiz-Catalan M (2024). Myoelectric motor execution and sensory training to treat chronic pain and paralysis in a replanted arm: a case study. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 21:204.",
      "title": "Myoelectric motor execution and sensory training to treat chronic pain and paralysis in a replanted arm: a case study",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11585237/",
      "date": "2024-11-23",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The participant regained active extension of the thumb (4 degrees) and regained active wrist movement (flex: 6 degrees, extend: 10 degrees)"
    },
    {
      "kind": "case report",
      "citation": "Kristoffersen MB, et al. (2024). J NeuroEng Rehabil 21:204 (methods).",
      "title": "Myoelectric motor execution and sensory training to treat chronic pain and paralysis in a replanted arm: a case study",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11585237/",
      "date": "2024-11-23",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "intended movements were decoded from the replanted arm's myoelectric signals using machine learning and real-time feedback was provided on a screen"
    },
    {
      "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
      "citation": "Munoz-Novoa M, Kristoffersen MB, Sunnerhagen KS, Naber A, Ortiz-Catalan M, Alt Murphy M (2025). Myoelectric pattern recognition with virtual reality and serious gaming improves upper limb function in chronic stroke: a single case experimental design study. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 22:6.",
      "title": "Myoelectric pattern recognition with virtual reality and serious gaming improves upper limb function in chronic stroke: a single case experimental design study",
      "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11742229/",
      "date": "2025-01-17",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "All participants improved upper limb function assessed by FMA-UE (Tau-U 0.72-1.0), and five out of six improved beyond the minimal clinical important difference (MCID)."
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "Residual EMG detectable in the impaired limb",
      "Classifier trained on the patient's own signals each session",
      "Repeated sessions with virtual-limb and game feedback"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Intact or reinnervated muscle producing separable EMG patterns",
      "Clinician-run sessions several times a week",
      "Patient motivation to attempt movements without visible motion"
    ],
    "echoes": [
      {
        "date": "2025-01-17",
        "setting": "Six people with chronic stroke, 18 sessions of myoelectric pattern recognition with VR and gaming (single-case experimental design)",
        "model_version": "Neuromotus MPR with VR",
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "Munoz-Novoa et al. (2025) J NeuroEng Rehabil, PMID 39825410"
      }
    ]
  },
  "paired_incident": null,
  "headline": "Neuromotus EMG decoding restores thumb and wrist movement",
  "metric": "active thumb extension (4 degrees) and active wrist flexion (6 degrees)",
  "comparator": {
    "against": "the arm's function before treatment, after conventional rehabilitation",
    "before": "no active movement prior the MME interventions",
    "after": "active extension of the thumb (4 degrees) and regained active wrist movement (flex: 6 degrees, extend: 10 degrees)",
    "basis": "measured",
    "quote": "regained active extension of the thumb (4 degrees) and regained active wrist movement (flex: 6 degrees, extend: 10 degrees), both of which had no active movement prior the MME interventions",
    "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11585237/"
  },
  "later": {
    "status": "unknown",
    "date": null,
    "note": "No follow-up beyond the final session is reported.",
    "quote": null,
    "url": null
  },
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "Sweden",
  "deployer_country": "Sweden",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
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  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Reworded the account and deployer so that Sahlgrenska University Hospital is credited only with the replantation surgery because the paper never says where the MME sessions were delivered; corrected the article numbers to 21:204 and 22:6; qualified the title and the system's part to “partially restores” and “a hand and wrist with no active motion” to match the paper's own limits; and restored the full source title on evidence 2.",
      "source": "Kristoffersen et al. (2024) J NeuroEng Rehabil 21:204, PMC11585237; Munoz-Novoa et al. (2025) J NeuroEng Rehabil 22:6, PMID 39825410",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11585237/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Improved Physical Health under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Accessibility among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=AFF:%22Center%20for%20Bionics%20and%20Pain%20Research%22&resultType=core&format=json&pageSize=5; https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=AFF:%22Center%20for%20Bionics%20and%20Pain%20Research%22&resultType=core&format=json&pageSize=5",
      "editor": "AIBD"
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    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    }
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  "confidence": "claimed",
  "shade": "low",
  "claim_status": "The makers' claim",
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            "title": "Machine-learning myoelectric motor execution partially restores thumb and wrist movement in a paralyzed replanted arm",
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            "account": "A 72-year-old man's right arm was replanted after a traumatic above-elbow amputation. He had no functional recovery after conventional rehabilitation and developed chronic neuropathic pain. The arm had been replanted at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Mölndal, Sweden. The Mölndal-based Center for Bionics and Pain Research / Sahlgrenska University Hospital (C.A.R.E.) team then delivered 18 sessions of myoelectric motor execution over 84 days. Nine included sensory training with tactile grids (the paper does not name the treatment site). Eight channels of electromyography were classified by a linear discriminant analysis classifier (Neuromotus, Integrum AB). Intended movements were decoded from the replanted arm and shown on screen as virtual limbs and games. He regained active thumb extension (4 degrees) and active wrist flexion (6 degrees) and extension (10 degrees), movements absent before treatment. Pain fluctuated with no consistent change. Treatment dates are not given, so the publication date (23 November 2024) is used.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "Residual EMG detectable in the impaired limb",
                "Classifier trained on the patient's own signals each session",
                "Repeated sessions with virtual-limb and game feedback"
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                "Intact or reinnervated muscle producing separable EMG patterns",
                "Clinician-run sessions several times a week",
                "Patient motivation to attempt movements without visible motion"
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                  "date": "2025-01-17",
                  "setting": "Six people with chronic stroke, 18 sessions of myoelectric pattern recognition with VR and gaming (single-case experimental design)",
                  "model_version": "Neuromotus MPR with VR",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "Munoz-Novoa et al. (2025) J NeuroEng Rehabil, PMID 39825410"
                }
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