{
  "id": "AIBD-0035",
  "title": "Reykjavik University speech recognizer replaces first-stage manual transcription of Icelandic parliamentary speeches at Althingi",
  "summary": "Reykjavik University's ASR has produced Althingi's first-draft speech transcripts in production since January 2019 (Interspeech 2019).",
  "date_observed": "2019-01-01",
  "date_basis": "unassessed",
  "date_precision": "unassessed",
  "benefit_status": null,
  "source_collection": null,
  "source_entry": null,
  "account": "Alþingi, the Icelandic parliament, has collaborated with Reykjavik University since 2016 to replace the first, manual stage of transcribing members' speeches with automatic speech recognition. Helgadóttir and colleagues' Interspeech 2019 paper states: “The system entered a test phase in October 2018, and has been in production since January 2019.” The production system used a time-delay deep neural network acoustic model with an n-gram language model. Word error rate was 8.52% on the test set and 15.0 ± 6.0% over 625 speeches in the wild. Althingi's transcribers graded 77% of transcripts as Good. Morgunblaðið reported on 16 November 2019 that about 640 hours of speeches had been transcribed.",
  "category": "benefit created",
  "unexpected": false,
  "purpose": "Built specifically to transcribe Althingi speeches for post-editing and publication. This benefit was that purpose.",
  "system": "Althingi ASR system (time-delay deep neural network acoustic model, n-gram language model, punctuation and paragraph models)",
  "model_version": null,
  "developer": "Reykjavik University Language and Voice Lab (ASR for Althingi project)",
  "deployer": "Alþingi (Icelandic parliament) speech department",
  "location": "Alþingi, Reykjavík, Iceland",
  "domain": "Government / language technology",
  "segment": "Parliamentary transcription",
  "benefit_type": "Repetitive Task Automation",
  "taxonomy_note": null,
  "registry_ids": {},
  "ratings": [
    {
      "group": "organizational",
      "depth": 2,
      "reason": "Althingi replaced first-stage manual transcription with ASR drafts graded Good for 77% of speeches, with about 640 hours transcribed by November 2019."
    },
    {
      "group": "societal",
      "depth": 1,
      "reason": "Vísir reported on 4 March 2018 that the recognizer was released under an open-source license for Icelandic-language developers. A small, diffuse benefit."
    }
  ],
  "ai_role": {
    "status": "assessed",
    "statement": "The ASR produces the first-draft transcript. Althingi's editors still post-edit, so the benefit is editing time saved rather than full automation."
  },
  "evidence": [
    {
      "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
      "citation": "Helgadóttir IR, Nikulásdóttir AB, Borský M, Fong JY, Kjaran R, Guðnason J (2019). The Althingi ASR System. Interspeech 2019, Graz.",
      "title": "The Althingi ASR System",
      "url": "https://www.isca-archive.org/interspeech_2019/helgadottir19_interspeech.pdf",
      "date": "2019-09-15",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The system entered a test phase in October 2018, and has been in production since January 2019."
    },
    {
      "kind": "peer-reviewed study",
      "citation": "Helgadóttir IR et al. (2019). The Althingi ASR System. ISCA Archive abstract page.",
      "title": "ISCA Archive - The Althingi ASR System",
      "url": "https://www.isca-archive.org/interspeech_2019/helgadottir19_interspeech.html",
      "date": "2019-09-15",
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The transcribers of Althingi graded 77% of the speech transcripts as Good."
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Morgunblaðið (16 Nov 2019). Talgreinir skrifar ræður alþingismanna.",
      "title": "Talgreinir skrifar ræður alþingismanna",
      "url": "https://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2019/11/16/talgreinir_skrifar_raedur_althingismanna/",
      "date": "2019-11-16",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "Talgreinir er lykilverkfæri í þessari máltækni"
    },
    {
      "kind": "news report",
      "citation": "Vísir (4 Mar 2018). Gefa út íslenskan talgreini með opnu hugbúnaðarleyfi.",
      "title": "Gefa út íslenskan talgreini með opnu hugbúnaðarleyfi",
      "url": "https://www.visir.is/g/2018218636d",
      "date": "2018-03-04",
      "written_by": "independent",
      "quote": "Við erum að búa til lausnir sem greina ræður Alþingismanna og hjálpa riturunum þar við að gefa ræðurnar út á ritmáli"
    },
    {
      "kind": "dataset",
      "citation": "Linguistic Data Consortium (2021). Althingi Parliamentary Speech, LDC2021S01 (authors Helgadóttir IR, Kjaran R, Nikulásdóttir AB, Guðnason J, the system's developers).",
      "title": "Althingi Parliamentary Speech - Linguistic Data Consortium",
      "url": "https://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2021S01",
      "date": null,
      "written_by": "makers",
      "quote": "The purpose of that project was to develop an ASR (automatic speech recognition) system for parliamentary speech to replace the procedure of manually transcribing performed speeches."
    }
  ],
  "replication": {
    "produced_by": [
      "About 6,300 hours of aligned parliamentary speech, of which a re-cleaned 1,000-hour subset trained the production recognizer (Interspeech 2019). The 542 hours of 2005–2016 speeches released as LDC2021S01 are a dataset publication, not the production training set",
      "An existing manual transcription and editing workflow to slot into",
      "Integration with Althingi's publishing systems from October 2018"
    ],
    "must_hold": [
      "Editors accept ASR drafts (77% graded Good)",
      "Continued model maintenance by the developing lab"
    ],
    "echoes": [
      {
        "date": "2019-11-16",
        "setting": "Althingi, Reykjavík; about 640 hours of speeches transcribed, roughly ten minutes of speech in three and a half minutes (Morgunblaðið)",
        "model_version": null,
        "outcome": "recurred",
        "source": "https://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2019/11/16/talgreinir_skrifar_raedur_althingismanna/"
      }
    ]
  },
  "paired_incident": {
    "database": "AI Incident Database",
    "identifier": "708",
    "title": "Reportedly Faulty AI Transcription Threatens Integrity of Genoa Bribery Probe",
    "url": "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/708",
    "severity": null,
    "group": "organizational",
    "basis": "Same task: automatic transcription of official proceedings for a public institution; Althingi's ASR drafts parliamentary transcripts, while the Italian judiciary's AI transcription recorded “illicit” for “licit”, harming the Genoa Prosecutor's Office and defendants."
  },
  "headline": "Reykjavik University ASR drafts Althingi speech transcripts",
  "metric": "transcribers graded 77% of transcripts as Good",
  "comparator": {
    "against": "the previous manual first-stage transcription by Althingi's transcribers",
    "before": "First, a human transcriber listens to the audio and transcribes the speech.",
    "after": "the speech transcripts are now available sooner than before",
    "basis": "assumed",
    "quote": "The editors at Althingi have noted that the speech transcripts are now available sooner than before, since the speech recognizer starts transcribing as soon as it sees a new audio file, and the ASR system does not take coffee breaks or go home when office hours end.",
    "url": "https://www.isca-archive.org/interspeech_2019/helgadottir19_interspeech.pdf"
  },
  "later": null,
  "value": null,
  "developer_country": "Iceland",
  "deployer_country": "Iceland",
  "unrated_because": null,
  "brief_notes": null,
  "brief": null,
  "revisions": [
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Record drafted from the cited sources.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Paired with AI Incident Database incident 708 (medium confidence); severity not given by the source.",
      "source": "https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/708",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "change": "Marked the Interspeech paper, its abstract page and the LDC dataset as vendor-authored because the system's developers wrote them (the admission gate now rests on the Morgunblaðið and Vísir reports), corrected the training data to the paper's roughly 1,000 re-cleaned hours drawn from about 6,300 hours rather than the 542-hour LDC release, and flagged that no cited source states Alþingi's seat.",
      "source": "https://www.isca-archive.org/interspeech_2019/helgadottir19_interspeech.pdf",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Added what the benefit is measured against from the cited sources.",
      "source": "https://www.isca-archive.org/interspeech_2019/helgadottir19_interspeech.pdf",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Benefit type set to Repetitive Task Automation under Trustible's full taxonomy of 23 types; it was Improved Organizational Efficiency among the six first used.",
      "source": "https://trustible.ai/post/a-framework-for-measuring-the-benefits-of-ai/",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Country of the developer and the deployer added from the organization's own site or a registry.",
      "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk_University; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althing",
      "editor": "AIBD"
    },
    {
      "date": "2026-10-21",
      "change": "Prose pass: a rating reason, account, purpose, the replication conditions, the system's part rewritten in shorter sentences with abbreviations expanded; facts, figures and quotations unchanged.",
      "source": null,
      "editor": "AIBD"
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  ],
  "confidence": "reported",
  "shade": "medium",
  "claim_status": "Independently reported",
  "claim_basis": "Sources: two independent news reports, two peer-reviewed studies from the makers and the makers' dataset. The cited evidence includes no independent study or report and no finding by a regulator or court.",
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        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "strategic_assessments[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial",
        "family": "strategic assessments"
      },
      "summary": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "summary": "Reykjavik University's ASR has produced Althingi's first-draft speech transcripts in production since January 2019 (Interspeech 2019).",
            "account": "Alþingi, the Icelandic parliament, has collaborated with Reykjavik University since 2016 to replace the first, manual stage of transcribing members' speeches with automatic speech recognition. Helgadóttir and colleagues' Interspeech 2019 paper states: “The system entered a test phase in October 2018, and has been in production since January 2019.” The production system used a time-delay deep neural network acoustic model with an n-gram language model. Word error rate was 8.52% on the test set and 15.0 ± 6.0% over 625 speeches in the wild. Althingi's transcribers graded 77% of transcripts as Good. Morgunblaðið reported on 16 November 2019 that about 640 hours of speeches had been transcribed."
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
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            "account"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].autonomy_permissions": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].component_role": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].deployment_configuration": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].inputs_outputs": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
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      "systems[].model_name": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].model_version": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].product_name": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "system": "Althingi ASR system (time-delay deep neural network acoustic model, n-gram language model, punctuation and paragraph models)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "system"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "systems[].provider": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "structured",
          "data": {
            "application_developer": "Reykjavik University Language and Voice Lab (ASR for Althingi project)"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Mapped from the existing case description without a new external source review.",
          "record_fields": [
            "developer"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "taxonomy_crosswalks[]": {
        "state": "not_assessed",
        "review_state": "not_assessed",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "title": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "title": "Reykjavik University speech recognizer replaces first-stage manual transcription of Icelandic parliamentary speeches at Althingi",
            "headline": "Reykjavik University ASR drafts Althingi speech transcripts"
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "title",
            "headline"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      },
      "version": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "identifiers",
          "identifiers": [
            "9e2fde75063bde142a78ba5f1f714aa67bdf85d1529bb2de8366dc93061e0c6c"
          ],
          "role": "SHA-256 of normalized original case data"
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "curatorial",
          "basis": "Deterministic content version assigned by the local migration.",
          "record_fields": [],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "complete"
      },
      "workflow": {
        "state": "value_present",
        "value": {
          "kind": "record_fields",
          "fields": {
            "account": "Alþingi, the Icelandic parliament, has collaborated with Reykjavik University since 2016 to replace the first, manual stage of transcribing members' speeches with automatic speech recognition. Helgadóttir and colleagues' Interspeech 2019 paper states: “The system entered a test phase in October 2018, and has been in production since January 2019.” The production system used a time-delay deep neural network acoustic model with an n-gram language model. Word error rate was 8.52% on the test set and 15.0 ± 6.0% over 625 speeches in the wild. Althingi's transcribers graded 77% of transcripts as Good. Morgunblaðið reported on 16 November 2019 that about 640 hours of speeches had been transcribed.",
            "replication": {
              "produced_by": [
                "About 6,300 hours of aligned parliamentary speech, of which a re-cleaned 1,000-hour subset trained the production recognizer (Interspeech 2019). The 542 hours of 2005–2016 speeches released as LDC2021S01 are a dataset publication, not the production training set",
                "An existing manual transcription and editing workflow to slot into",
                "Integration with Althingi's publishing systems from October 2018"
              ],
              "must_hold": [
                "Editors accept ASR drafts (77% graded Good)",
                "Continued model maintenance by the developing lab"
              ],
              "echoes": [
                {
                  "date": "2019-11-16",
                  "setting": "Althingi, Reykjavík; about 640 hours of speeches transcribed, roughly ten minutes of speech in three and a half minutes (Morgunblaðið)",
                  "outcome": "recurred",
                  "source": "https://www.mbl.is/frettir/innlent/2019/11/16/talgreinir_skrifar_raedur_althingismanna/"
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        },
        "provenance": {
          "kind": "legacy_record",
          "basis": "Preserved from the existing AIBD record; external sources were not rechecked.",
          "record_fields": [
            "account",
            "replication"
          ],
          "source_refs": []
        },
        "review_state": "record_mapped",
        "coverage": "partial"
      }
    },
    "summary": {
      "total": 91,
      "addressed": 91,
      "known": 30,
      "reviewed": 0,
      "record_mapped": 30,
      "not_assessed": 61,
      "complete": false,
      "by_state": {
        "value_present": 30,
        "not_reported": 0,
        "unresolved": 0,
        "not_assessed": 61,
        "not_applicable": 0,
        "withheld": 0,
        "source_unavailable": 0
      }
    }
  }
}